Pantalone Desiree
American College of Surgeons, FACS, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2023 Jun 29;13(7):1477. doi: 10.3390/life13071477.
In the coming years, missions to the Moon and Mars shall be the new goals of space flight. The complexity of these missions due to the great distance from Earth and the unforeseen obstacles to settle on another planet have given rise to great concerns for crew health and survival. The need for advanced crew autonomy and a different approach to surgical emergency require new protocols and devices to help future crew medical officers and other crew members in a task of unprecedented difficulty. Hence, the increasing variety of schedules, devices, and protocols being developed. A serious health problem, such as an emerging surgical disease or severe trauma, can jeopardize the mission and survival of the entire crew. Many other difficulties are present in deep-space missions or settlements on other planets, such as communication and supply, also medical, delays, and shortage, and the presence of radiation. Progress in advanced technologies as well as the evolution of robotic surgery and the use of artificial intelligence are other topics of this review. In this particular area of research, even if we are still very far from an "intelligent robot", this evolution must be evaluated in the light of legislative and ethical considerations. This topic was presented at the annual meeting of the American College of Surgeons-Italy Chapter in 2021.
在未来几年，前往月球和火星的任务将成为太空飞行的新目标。由于与地球距离遥远以及在另一颗行星上定居存在不可预见的障碍，这些任务的复杂性引发了对船员健康和生存的极大担忧。对高级船员自主性的需求以及应对外科紧急情况的不同方法，需要新的协议和设备来帮助未来的船员医务人员和其他船员完成这项前所未有的艰巨任务。因此，正在开发的时间表、设备和协议种类日益繁多。一个严重的健康问题，如突发的外科疾病或严重创伤，可能会危及整个任务以及全体船员的生存。在深空任务或在其他行星上定居还存在许多其他困难，如通信和供应，同样也有医疗方面的延误和短缺，以及辐射的存在。先进技术的进步以及机器人手术的发展和人工智能的应用是本综述的其他主题。在这个特定的研究领域，即使我们距离“智能机器人”仍非常遥远，但必须从立法和伦理考量的角度对这一发展进行评估。这个主题在2021年美国外科医师学院意大利分会年会上进行了展示。
