Gea-Izquierdo Enrique, Gil-Prieto Ruth, Hernández-Barrera Valentín, Rodríguez-Caravaca Gil, Gil-de-Miguel Ángel
Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain.
María Zambrano Program, European Union, Spain.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jun 29;11(7):1693. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11071693.
Legionellosis is a respiratory disease of bacterial and environmental origin that usually presents two distinct clinical entities, "Legionnaires' disease" (LD) and "Pontiac fever". LD is an important cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of legionellosis-associated hospitalization (L-AH) in Spain from 2002 to 2021 and the burden of hospitalization due to legionellosis. Discharge reports from the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) were used to retrospectively analyze hospital discharge data with a diagnosis of legionellosis, based on the ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes, from 2002 to 2021. 21,300 L-AH occurred throughout the year during 2002-2021. The incidence of hospitalization associated per 100,000 inhabitants by month showed a similar trend for the 2002-2011, 2012-2021, and 2002-2021 periods. In Spain, during 2002-2021, the hospitalization rate (HR) in the autonomous communities ranged from 4.57 (2002-2011) to 0.24 (2012-2021) cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The HR of legionellosis in Spain has substantially increased across the 2002-2021 period, and the estimate is consistent with available European data. It is considered that in-depth epidemiological surveillance studies of legionellosis and improvements in the prevention and control of the disease are required in Spain.
军团病是一种由细菌和环境因素引起的呼吸道疾病，通常表现为两种不同的临床类型，即“军团菌病”（LD）和“庞蒂亚克热”。军团菌病是医院获得性肺炎（HAP）的重要病因。本研究的目的是描述2002年至2021年西班牙军团病相关住院治疗（L-AH）的流行病学情况以及军团病导致的住院负担。利用最低基本数据集（MBDS）的出院报告，根据ICD-9-CM和ICD-10-CM诊断编码，对2002年至2021年诊断为军团病的医院出院数据进行回顾性分析。2002年至2021年全年共发生21300例军团病相关住院治疗病例。2002 - 2011年、20(12 - 2021年以及2002 - 2021年期间，按每月每10万居民计算的住院相关发病率呈现相似趋势。在西班牙，2002年至2021年期间，各自治区的住院率（HR）范围为每10万居民4.57例（2002 - 2011年）至0.24例（2012 - 2021年）。2002年至2021年期间，西班牙军团病的住院率大幅上升，这一估计与欧洲现有数据一致。据认为，西班牙需要对军团病进行深入的流行病学监测研究，并改进该疾病的预防和控制措施。
