Sánchez-Carrión Susana A, Dimov Ivan, Márquez Jiménez Francisco J, de Rojas Álvarez Manuel
Departament of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Profesor García González 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
Department of Clinical Anatomy and Operative Surgery Named after Professor M.G. Prives, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo Str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jul 10;11(7):1783. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11071783.
Members of the family Rhinonyssidae are tiny hematophagous endoparasitic mites that inhabit the nasal cavities of birds and can cause trauma to their hosts. Traditionally, identifying species in this group has relied on observing their morphometrical characteristics. Nevertheless, determining species within this particular group has become more challenging due to the rising number of newly discovered species. Moreover, the morphometrical traits vary depending on the specific genus or group of species being studied. In this study, the complete internal transcribed spacer ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2 regions of the ribosomal DNA from eighteen species of rhinonyssid mites belonging to four genera were sequenced to assess the utility of this genomic region in resolving taxonomic questions in this group and to estimate the phylogenetic relationships among the species. Mites were collected by dissecting the nasal cavities of birds under a stereomicroscope. Specimens used for morphometrical analyses were cleared in 85% lactic acid for 1-48 h and mounted in Hoyer's medium. Other specimens were preserved at -20 °C for molecular studies. From the data obtained in this study, it can be concluded that a thorough review and an accurate morphometrical identification and determination of the discriminatory traits are needed in this group of mites. Moreover, although the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fragment solves different taxonomic and phylogenetic problems at the species level, it would be necessary to test new molecular markers, or even a combination of nuclear and mitochondrial markers or different domains of the nuclear 28S rDNA, to discover a reliable taxonomic situation for rhinonyssids.
鼻螨科成员是微小的吸血内寄生螨类，寄生于鸟类的鼻腔内，会对宿主造成损伤。传统上，该类群物种的鉴定依赖于观察其形态测量特征。然而，由于新发现物种数量的增加，确定该特定类群中的物种变得更具挑战性。此外，形态测量特征因所研究的特定属或物种组而异。在本研究中，对四个属的18种鼻螨的核糖体DNA的完整内部转录间隔区ITS1、5.8S rDNA和ITS2区域进行了测序，以评估该基因组区域在解决该类群分类问题中的效用，并估计物种间的系统发育关系。通过在体视显微镜下解剖鸟类鼻腔来收集螨虫。用于形态分析的标本在85%乳酸中透明1 - 48小时，然后固定在霍耶氏培养基中。其他标本保存在-20°C用于分子研究。从本研究获得的数据可以得出结论，在这组螨虫中需要进行全面的审查以及对鉴别特征进行准确的形态鉴定和测定。此外，虽然ITS1 - 5.8S - ITS2片段在物种水平上解决了不同的分类和系统发育问题，但有必要测试新的分子标记，甚至是核标记和线粒体标记的组合或核28S rDNA的不同结构域，以发现鼻螨可靠的分类情况。
