Baghdadi Mahsa, Brassard Patrick, Godbout Stéphane, Létourneau Valérie, Turgeon Nathalie, Rossi Florent, Lachance Émie, Veillette Marc, Gaucher Marie-Lou, Duchaine Caroline
Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Centre de Recherche de L'institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jul 13;11(7):1797. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11071797.
Manure spreading from farm animals can release antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) carrying antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) into the air, posing a potential threat to human and animal health due to the intensive use of antibiotics in the livestock industry. This study analyzed the effect of different manure types and spreading methods on airborne bacterial emissions and antibiotic resistance genes in a controlled setting. Cow, poultry manure, and pig slurry were spread in a confined environment using two types of spreaders (splash plate and dribble bar), and the resulting emissions were collected before, during, and after spreading using high-volume air samplers coupled to a particle counter. Total bacteria, fecal indicators, and a total of 38 different subtypes of ARGs were further quantified by qPCR. Spreading poultry manure resulted in the highest emission rates of total bacteria (10 16S gene copies/kg manure spread), (10 16S gene copies/kg manure), (10 16S gene copies/kg manure), and (10 16S gene copies/kg manure), followed by cow manure and pig slurry with splash plates and the dribble bar. Manure spreading was associated with the highest rates of airborne aminoglycoside genes for cow and poultry (10 gene copies/kg manure), followed by pig slurry (10 gene copies/kg manure). This study shows that the type of manure and spreading equipment can affect the emission rates of airborne bacteria, and ARGs.
农场动物粪便的播撒会将携带抗微生物耐药基因（ARGs）的抗生素耐药菌（ARB）释放到空气中，由于畜牧业中抗生素的大量使用，这对人类和动物健康构成了潜在威胁。本研究在可控环境下分析了不同类型粪便及其播撒方式对空气中细菌排放和抗生素耐药基因的影响。使用两种撒布机（溅盘式和滴灌式）在密闭环境中播撒牛粪、家禽粪便和猪粪浆，并在播撒前、播撒期间和播撒后使用与粒子计数器相连的大容量空气采样器收集产生的排放物。通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）进一步对总细菌、粪便指示菌以及总共38种不同亚型的ARGs进行定量。播撒家禽粪便导致总细菌的排放率最高（每千克播撒粪便中有10个16S基因拷贝），（每千克粪便中有10个16S基因拷贝），（每千克粪便中有10个16S基因拷贝），以及（每千克粪便中有10个16S基因拷贝），其次是牛粪以及使用溅盘式和滴灌式撒布机播撒的猪粪浆。牛粪和家禽粪便的空气中氨基糖苷类基因的排放率最高（每千克粪便中有10个基因拷贝），其次是猪粪浆（每千克粪便中有10个基因拷贝）。本研究表明，粪便类型和撒布设备会影响空气中细菌和ARGs的排放率。
