Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK.
Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 20;15(14):3226. doi: 10.3390/nu15143226.
(1) Background: Temporal trends of food insecurity among adolescents are largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to examine this trend among school-going adolescents aged 12-15 years from 31 countries in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. (2) Methods: Data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2003-2017 were analyzed in 193,388 students [mean (SD) age: 13.7 (1.0) years; 49.0% boys]. The prevalence and 95%CI of moderate (rarely/sometimes hungry), severe (most of the time/always hungry), and any (moderate or severe) food insecurity (past 30-day) was calculated for each survey. Crude linear trends in food insecurity were assessed by linear regression models. (3) Results: The mean prevalence of any food insecurity was 52.2% (moderate 46.5%; severe 5.7%). Significant increasing and decreasing trends of any food insecurity were found in seven countries each. A sizeable decrease and increase were observed in Benin (71.2% in 2009 to 49.2% in 2016) and Mauritius (25.0% in 2011 to 43.6% in 2017), respectively. Severe food insecurity increased in countries such as Vanuatu (4.9% in 2011 to 8.4% in 2016) and Mauritius (3.5% in 2011 to 8.2% in 2017). The rate of decrease was modest in most countries with a significant decreasing trend, while many countries with stable trends showed consistently high prevalence of food insecurity. (4) Conclusion: Global action is urgently required to address food insecurity among adolescents, as our data show that achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition by 2030 would be difficult without strong global commitment.
(1) 背景：青少年食物不安全的时间趋势在很大程度上尚不清楚。因此，我们旨在检查来自非洲、亚洲和美洲 31 个国家的 12-15 岁在校青少年的这一趋势。(2) 方法：对 2003-2017 年全球学校学生健康调查中的 193388 名学生[平均（SD）年龄：13.7（1.0）岁；49.0%为男生]的数据进行了分析。计算了每一次调查中，中度（偶尔/有时饥饿）、严重（大部分时间/一直饥饿）和任何（中度或严重）食物不安全（过去 30 天）的流行率和 95%CI。通过线性回归模型评估食物不安全的粗线性趋势。(3) 结果：任何食物不安全的平均流行率为 52.2%（中度为 46.5%；严重为 5.7%）。发现 7 个国家的任何食物不安全都呈现出显著的增加和减少趋势。在贝宁（2009 年的 71.2%降至 2016 年的 49.2%）和毛里求斯（2011 年的 25.0%降至 2017 年的 43.6%），观察到相当大的减少和增加。在瓦努阿图（2011 年的 4.9%增加到 2016 年的 8.4%）和毛里求斯（2011 年的 3.5%增加到 2017 年的 8.2%）等国家，严重食物不安全的情况有所增加。在大多数呈显著下降趋势的国家，下降速度较为温和，而许多趋势稳定的国家一直存在较高的食物不安全流行率。(4) 结论：需要全球采取行动解决青少年的食物不安全问题，因为我们的数据表明，如果没有全球的坚定承诺，要实现联合国可持续发展目标 2 到 2030 年消除饥饿和所有形式的营养不良，将会非常困难。
