Obidiro Onyinyechi, Battogtokh Gantumur, Akala Emmanuel O
Center for Drug Research and Development, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Jun 23;15(7):1796. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071796.
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a negative expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER2). The survival rate for TNBC is generally worse than other breast cancer subtypes. TNBC treatment has made significant advances, but certain limitations remain. Treatment for TNBC can be challenging since the disease has various molecular subtypes. A variety of treatment options are available, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Chemotherapy is the most common of these options. TNBC is generally treated with systemic chemotherapy using drugs such as anthracyclines and taxanes in neoadjuvant or adjuvant settings. Developing resistance to anticancer drugs and off-target toxicity are the primary hindrances to chemotherapeutic solutions for cancer. It is imperative that researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical companies work together to develop effective treatment options for TNBC. Several studies have suggested nanotechnology as a potential solution to the problem of suboptimal TNBC treatment. In this review, we summarized possible treatment options for TNBC, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, combination therapy, and nanoparticle-based therapy, and some solutions for the treatment of TNBC in the future. Moreover, we gave general information about TNBC in terms of its characteristics and aggressiveness.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）和人表皮生长因子受体（HER2）均呈阴性表达。TNBC的生存率通常低于其他乳腺癌亚型。TNBC的治疗虽已取得显著进展，但仍存在一定局限性。由于该疾病具有多种分子亚型，TNBC的治疗颇具挑战性。目前有多种治疗选择，如化疗、免疫疗法、放疗和手术。其中化疗是最常用的方法。TNBC通常在新辅助或辅助治疗中使用蒽环类和紫杉烷类药物进行全身化疗。对抗癌药物产生耐药性和脱靶毒性是癌症化疗解决方案的主要障碍。研究人员、临床医生和制药公司必须共同努力，为TNBC开发有效的治疗方案。多项研究表明，纳米技术有望解决TNBC治疗效果欠佳的问题。在本综述中，我们总结了TNBC可能的治疗选择，包括化疗、免疫疗法、靶向治疗、联合治疗和基于纳米颗粒的治疗，以及未来治疗TNBC的一些解决方案。此外，我们还介绍了TNBC的特征和侵袭性等基本信息。
