新冠病毒自愿或强制接种疫苗的决定因素：阿尔巴尼亚大学学生的一项调查研究

Determinant Factors of Voluntary or Mandatory Vaccination against COVID-19: A Survey Study among Students at Albanian University.

作者信息

Kongo Elona, Shpati Kleva, Dama Aida, Ymeraj Sibela, Murati Ema, Veliaj Uels, Xinxo Sonela

机构信息

Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medical Science, Albanian University, 1017 Tirana, Albania.

Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medical Science, Albanian University, 1017 Tirana, Albania.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;11(7):1215. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071215.

DOI:10.3390/vaccines11071215

PMID:37515031

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10385280/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The world faced serious health and socioeconomic issues with the advent of COVID-19. Along with handwashing, social distancing, and the wearing of masks, vaccination was considered by medical authorities as a key way to curb the spread of the virus. One of the measures that have been proposed to increase vaccinations is the mandatory policy. The purpose of this study was to compare the determinants of voluntary and mandatory vaccination among students at Albanian University.

METHODOLOGY

This cross-sectional study, conducted by means of an online survey, was conducted among students enrolled at the private Albanian University, Tirana, Albania during the last week of the winter semester, 7-14 February 2022.

RESULTS

In sum, 878 students participated in this study, among whom 612 (69.7%) were females and 266 (30%) were males. Of the participants, 506 (57%) were enrolled in medical science (MS) and 372 (42.3%) were in the non-medical science (Non-MS) group. A total of 773 (88%) were vaccinated against COVID-19, and 105 (11.8%) were not vaccinated. A total of 466 (53%) reported voluntary vaccination, and 412 (46.9%) reported mandatory vaccination. Among the students who were vaccinated voluntarily, 266 (57%) were from the MS group and 200 (42.9%) were from the Non-MS group. A total of 237 (57.5%) of students in the mandatory vaccination group were from the MS group, and 175 (42.4%) were from the Non-MS group.

CONCLUSIONS

Vaccine safety and efficacy were hindering factors in vaccination. Additionally, based on the results of this study, the students felt encouraged by the academic staff to vaccinate. This clearly demonstrates that the staff does not lack the skills to enhance students' knowledge about the risk of infectious diseases and the importance of vaccination. Therefore, to influence students' attitudes as much as possible toward vaccination, comprehensive educational programs, including modifications of existing curricula, should be considered.

摘要

引言

随着新冠疫情的出现，世界面临着严重的健康和社会经济问题。除了洗手、保持社交距离和佩戴口罩外，医疗当局认为接种疫苗是遏制病毒传播的关键方式。为增加疫苗接种率而提出的措施之一是强制政策。本研究的目的是比较阿尔巴尼亚大学学生中自愿接种和强制接种的决定因素。

方法

本横断面研究通过在线调查进行，于2022年2月7日至14日冬季学期的最后一周，对阿尔巴尼亚地拉那私立大学的学生进行了调查。

结果

总共有878名学生参与了本研究，其中612名（69.7%）为女性，266名（30%）为男性。在参与者中，506名（57%）就读于医学专业（MS），372名（42.3%）属于非医学专业（Non-MS）组。共有773名（88%）学生接种了新冠疫苗，105名（11.8%）未接种。共有466名（53%）学生报告为自愿接种，412名（46.9%）报告为强制接种。在自愿接种的学生中，266名（57%）来自医学专业组，200名（42.9%）来自非医学专业组。强制接种组中共有237名（57.5%）学生来自医学专业组，175名（42.4%）来自非医学专业组。