Isham Ishara M, Hassan Mohamed S H, Abd-Elsalam Reham M, Ranaweera Hiruni A, Mahmoud Motamed E, Najimudeen Shahnas M, Ghaffar Awais, Cork Susan C, Gupta Ashish, Abdul-Careem Mohamed Faizal
Health Research Innovation Center 2C53, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;11(7):1216. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071216.
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes infectious bronchitis disease in chickens. IBV primarily infects the upper respiratory tract and then disseminates to other body systems including gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary systems. Unlike original IBV serotypes, the novel IBV variants target lymphoid organs, but information on this is scarce. In this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of the presence of maternal antibodies on IBV infection in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Maternal antibody free, specific pathogen free (SPF) hens were divided into vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups. The progeny male chicks from these hens were divided into four groups; vaccinated challenged (VC), non-vaccinated challenged (NVC), vaccinated non-challenged (VNC), and non-vaccinated non-challenged (NVNC). The challenge groups were given 1 × 10 embryo infectious dose (EID) of IBV Delmarva (DMV)/1639 by the oculo-nasal route and non-challenge groups were given saline. The serum anti-IBV antibody titer was significantly higher in challenged groups compared to non-challenged groups. The IBV genome load was significantly lower in the VC group than NVC group in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs and in bursa of Fabricius (BF) and cecal tonsils (CT). The histopathological lesion scores were significantly lower in VC group than NVC group in BF and CT. These findings suggest that the presence of maternal antibody in chicks could provide some degree of protection against IBV infection in BF and CT.
传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）可引发鸡的传染性支气管炎疾病。IBV主要感染上呼吸道，随后传播至包括胃肠道、生殖系统和泌尿系统在内的其他身体系统。与原始的IBV血清型不同，新型IBV变种靶向淋巴器官，但关于这方面的信息较少。在本研究中，我们旨在评估母源抗体的存在对初级和次级淋巴器官中IBV感染的影响。将无母源抗体、无特定病原体（SPF）的母鸡分为接种疫苗组和未接种疫苗组。这些母鸡所产的雄性后代雏鸡分为四组：接种疫苗并攻毒组（VC）、未接种疫苗并攻毒组（NVC）、接种疫苗未攻毒组（VNC）和未接种疫苗未攻毒组（NVNC）。攻毒组通过眼鼻途径接种1×10个鸡胚感染剂量（EID）的IBV德尔马瓦（DMV）/1639，未攻毒组注射生理盐水。与未攻毒组相比，攻毒组的血清抗IBV抗体滴度显著更高。在口咽和泄殖腔拭子以及法氏囊（BF）和盲肠扁桃体（CT）中，VC组的IBV基因组载量显著低于NVC组。在BF和CT中，VC组的组织病理学损伤评分显著低于NVC组。这些发现表明，雏鸡体内母源抗体的存在可为BF和CT抵御IBV感染提供一定程度的保护。
