Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
J Med Virol. 2023 Aug;95(8):e29000. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29000.
Rotavirus (RV) infection is a leading cause of severe diarrhea among children younger than 5 years old and a considerable cause of RV gastroenteritis (RVGE) hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of vaccination in Italy in the reduction of the burden of RV-related disease, estimating the relation between vaccination coverage and hospitalization rates. RVGE-related hospitalizations that occurred in Italy from 2008 to 2018 among children aged 0-35 months were assessed by consulting the Hospital Discharge Record database and including records whose ICD-9-CM diagnosis code was 008.61 in the first or in any diagnosis position. In the 2008-2018 period, a total of 17 535 791 at-risk person-years were considered and 74 211 (423.2 cases × 100 000 per year) RVGE hospitalizations were observed. Higher hospitalization rates occurred in males (456.6 vs. 387.9 × 100 000 per year) and in children aged 1 year (507.8 × 100 000 per year). Poisson regression analysis showed a decrease of -1.25% in hospitalization rates (-1.19% to -1.31%, p < 0.001) per unit increase in vaccination coverage. This is the first study that correlates hospitalization rate reduction with a percentage increase in vaccination coverage. Our findings strongly support RV vaccination as an effective public health strategy for reducing RVGE-related hospitalizations.
轮状病毒（RV）感染是导致 5 岁以下儿童严重腹泻的主要原因，也是导致 RV 胃肠炎（RVGE）住院的重要原因。本研究旨在评估意大利疫苗接种对减轻 RV 相关疾病负担的影响，估计疫苗接种覆盖率与住院率之间的关系。通过查阅住院记录数据库，评估了 2008 年至 2018 年期间意大利 0-35 月龄儿童的 RVGE 相关住院情况，将 ICD-9-CM 诊断代码为 008.61 的记录纳入首位或任何诊断位置。在 2008-2018 年期间，共考虑了 17535791 人年的高危人群，观察到 74211 例（423.2 例×100000 人/年）RVGE 住院病例。男性（456.6 比 387.9×100000 人/年）和 1 岁儿童（507.8×100000 人/年）的住院率较高。泊松回归分析显示，每增加 1%的疫苗接种覆盖率，住院率下降-1.25%（-1.19%至-1.31%，p<0.001）。这是第一项将住院率降低与疫苗接种覆盖率百分比增加相关联的研究。我们的研究结果有力地支持 RV 疫苗接种作为减少 RVGE 相关住院的有效公共卫生策略。
