Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, The University of Bamenda, P.O Box 39, Bambili, Cameroon.
Fitoterapia. 2023 Oct;170:105627. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105627. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
Two new 30-norfriedelane triterpenoids namely glaucalactone C (1) and glaucanoic acid (2) along with sixteen known compounds (3-18) have been isolated from the methanolic extracts of the stem bark and fruits of Caloncoba glauca (P.Beauv.) Gilg (Achariaceae). The structures of all the isolated compounds have been established with the aid of their extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D-NMR) as well as mass spectrometry. Six compounds (1-5, 9) were screened for antiplasmodial activity against two strains P. falciparum Dd2 and P. falciparum 3D7. The results showed that glaucanoic acid (2) was the most active one with IC values of (3.5 ± 0.1 μg/mL) and (4.6 ± 0.7 μg/mL) against PfDd2 and Pf3D7, respectively, while glaucalactone C (1) moderately inhibited PfDd2 (9.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL) and weakly Pf3D7 (15.9 ± 2.3 μg/mL). The molecular docking analyses of the isolated compounds showed that compounds 1-4 and 9-11 are potential drug targets and were further supported by their ADMET studies that revealed welwitschiilactones B and C (4 and 5) as well as β-sitosterol (10) as the most qualified compounds to be safe as drugs. The results indicate that C. glauca is an important source of good candidates in new antiplasmodial drug development.
从 Caloncoba glauca（Achariaceae）的茎皮和果实的甲醇提取物中分离得到了两种新的 30-降佛烷三萜类化合物，即 glaucocalactone C（1）和 glaucanoic acid（2），以及十六种已知化合物（3-18）。所有分离出的化合物的结构均通过其广泛的光谱分析（1D 和 2D-NMR）以及质谱得到确定。对六种化合物（1-5、9）进行了抗疟原虫活性筛选，以评估它们对两种疟原虫株 P. falciparum Dd2 和 P. falciparum 3D7 的抑制作用。结果表明，glaucanoic acid（2）是最具活性的化合物，对 PfDd2 和 Pf3D7 的 IC50 值分别为（3.5±0.1μg/mL）和（4.6±0.7μg/mL），而 glaucalactone C（1）对 PfDd2 中度抑制（9.4±0.1μg/mL），对 Pf3D7 弱抑制（15.9±2.3μg/mL）。对分离化合物的分子对接分析表明，化合物 1-4 和 9-11 是潜在的药物靶标，并且它们的 ADMET 研究进一步支持了这一观点，该研究表明 welwitschiilactones B 和 C（4 和 5）以及β-谷甾醇（10）是最有资格成为安全药物的化合物。这些结果表明，C. glauca 是新抗疟药物开发的良好候选药物的重要来源。
