University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2024 Aug;44(5):941-961. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2229950. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
Nucleic acids have the ability to generate advanced nanostructures in a controlled manner and can interact with target sequences or molecules with high affinity and selectivity. For this reason, they have applications in a variety of nanotechnology applications, from highly specific sensors to smart nanomachines and even in other applications such as enantioselective catalysis or drug delivery systems. However, a common disadvantage is the use of water as the ubiquitous solvent. The use of nucleic acids in non-aqueous solvents offers the opportunity to create a completely new toolbox with unprecedented degrees of freedom. Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are the most promising alternative solvents due to their unique electrolyte and solvent roles, as well as their ability to maintain the stability and functionality of nucleic acids. This review aims to be a comprehensive, critical, and accessible evaluation of how much this goal has been achieved and what are the most critical parameters for accomplishing a breakthrough.
核酸具有以可控方式生成先进纳米结构的能力，并且可以与靶序列或分子以高亲和力和选择性相互作用。由于这个原因，它们在各种纳米技术应用中具有应用前景，从高度特异性的传感器到智能纳米机器，甚至在其他应用中，如对映选择性催化或药物传递系统。然而，一个常见的缺点是使用水作为普遍存在的溶剂。在非水溶剂中使用核酸提供了创造具有前所未有的自由度的全新工具包的机会。离子液体（ILs）和深共晶溶剂（DESs）是最有前途的替代溶剂，因为它们具有独特的电解质和溶剂作用，以及维持核酸稳定性和功能的能力。本综述旨在全面、批判性和易于理解地评估这一目标已经取得了多大的进展，以及实现突破的最关键参数是什么。
