Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.
Int Heart J. 2023;64(4):654-662. doi: 10.1536/ihj.23-138.
Associations between red meat consumption and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) are mostly studied in Western populations but not in Chinese or elderly. This prospective study investigated adults ≥65 years from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). Associations between red meat consumption and CCVD, ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), CCVD mortality, and all-cause mortality were determined by Cox regression. A total of 59,980 participants were analyzed, 14,715 (24.53%) of whom ate red meat daily, 9,843 (16.41%) ate red meat 4-6 days/week, 23,472 (39.13%) ate red meat 1-3 days/week, and 11,950 (19.92%) ate red meat less than 1 day/week. Average amount of red meat usual consumption was 38 g/day. After adjustment, per 50 g/day higher red meat consumption at baseline was significantly associated with increased incident CCVD (aHR = 1.10) among high-income subjects (≥ 10,000 RMB) and urban residents (aHR = 1.12). Per 50 g/day higher baseline red meat consumption was significantly associated with increased ischemic stroke/TIA in urban residents (aHR = 1.08) but decreased risk in rural residents (aHR = 0.84). Higher baseline red meat consumption was associated with lower CCVD mortality in the poorest (aHR = 0.78) and rural residents (aHR = 0.72) and lower all-cause mortality in the poorest (aHR = 0.82) and rural residents (aHR = 0.80). In general, among older adults in China, higher red meat intake independently predicted increased CCVD among urban and high-income individuals but not poor ones. Higher red meat intake appears to be protective against mortality in rural and low-income subjects. Socioeconomic status is a crucial modifying factor on the association between red meat consumption and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in China.
在西方人群中，关于食用红肉与心脑血管疾病（CCVDs）之间的关联的研究较多，但在中国或老年人中研究较少。这项前瞻性研究调查了来自中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）的 65 岁及以上成年人。通过 Cox 回归确定了食用红肉与 CCVD、缺血性中风/短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）、CCVD 死亡率和全因死亡率之间的关联。共分析了 59980 名参与者，其中 14715 名（24.53%）每天食用红肉，9843 名（16.41%）每周食用红肉 4-6 天，23472 名（39.13%）每周食用红肉 1-3 天，11950 名（19.92%）每周食用红肉少于 1 天。通常食用红肉的平均量为 38 克/天。调整后，与高收入人群（≥10000 元）和城市居民（aHR=1.12）相比，基线时每增加 50 克/天的红肉摄入量与较高的 CCVD 发生率显著相关（aHR=1.10）。与城市居民（aHR=1.08）的缺血性中风/TIA 风险增加相比，基线时每增加 50 克/天的红肉摄入量与农村居民（aHR=0.84）的风险降低显著相关。较高的基线红肉摄入量与最贫困人群（aHR=0.78）和农村居民（aHR=0.72）的 CCVD 死亡率降低相关，与最贫困人群（aHR=0.82）和农村居民（aHR=0.80）的全因死亡率降低相关。总的来说，在中国的老年人中，较高的红肉摄入量独立预测了城市和高收入人群的 CCVD 增加，但不能预测贫困人口的情况。较高的红肉摄入量似乎对农村和低收入人群的死亡率有保护作用。社会经济地位是中国红肉摄入与不良心血管结局之间关联的一个重要调节因素。
