Harbach Ralph E, Wilkerson Richard C
Department of Science; Natural History Museum; Cromwell Road; London SW7 5BD; UK.
Department of Entomology; National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution; Washington DC 20013; USA; Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit; Museum Support Center; Smithsonian Institution; Suitland; MD 20746; USA; One Health Branch; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; Silver Spring; MD 20910; USA.
Zootaxa. 2023 Jun 15;5303(1):1-184. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1.
Beginning about 80 years ago, the recognition of morphological varieties of mosquitoes was gradually replaced by the recognition of subspecies. As an examination of revisionary and detailed taxonomic studies of mosquitoes clearly shows, subspecies are untenable concepts which have been synonymized with nominotypical forms or recognized as distinct species. Thus, from our perspective, subspecies is not a functional or practical taxonomic rank. Consequently, in this study we critically assessed the taxonomic status of the 120 nominal taxa distinguished as subspecies before now to determine whether they should be recognized as separate species or synonymous names. As a result, 96 subspecies are formally elevated to specific rank, 22 are relegated to synonymy with nominotypical forms, one is considered a nomen dubium, one a species inquirenda and the names of four nominal species regarded as synonyms are revalidated. The subspecies and their new status are listed in a conspectus. The revalidated species include Anopheles argentinus (Brèthes, 1912), from synonymy with An. pseudopunctipennis Theobald, 1901c; An. peruvianus Tamayo, 1907, from synonymy with An. pseudopunctipennis as nomen dubium; Culex major Edwards, 1935, from synonymy with Cx. annulioris consimilis Newstead, 1907; and Trichoprosopon trichorryes (Dyar & Knab, 1907), from synonymy with Tr. compressum Lutz, 1905. Additionally, the type locality of Anopheles sergentii Theobald, 1907 is restricted to El Outaya, Biskra Province, Algeria. A complete list of species to be retained, added to or removed from the Encyclopedia of Life, with a few corrections, is provided.
大约80年前开始，对蚊子形态变种的认识逐渐被对亚种的认识所取代。正如对蚊子的修订和详细分类研究的考察清楚表明的那样，亚种是站不住脚的概念，已被同义化为指名模式形态或被确认为不同的物种。因此，从我们的角度来看，亚种不是一个功能性或实用性的分类等级。因此，在本研究中，我们严格评估了此前被区分为亚种的120个命名分类单元的分类地位，以确定它们应被视为独立的物种还是同义名称。结果，96个亚种被正式提升到物种等级，22个被归为与指名模式形态同义，1个被视为疑名，1个为待考物种，并且4个被视为同义词的命名物种的名称被重新确认。亚种及其新地位列于一览表中。重新确认的物种包括阿根廷按蚊（Brèthes，1912年），从与伪点按蚊（Theobald，1901c）的同义关系中恢复；秘鲁按蚊（Tamayo，1907年），从作为疑名与伪点按蚊的同义关系中恢复；致倦库蚊（Edwards，1935年），从与类环纹库蚊（Newstead，1907年）的同义关系中恢复；以及三带喙库蚊（Dyar & Knab，1907年），从与压缩库蚊（Lutz，1905年）的同义关系中恢复。此外，1 907年的瑟氏按蚊的模式产地被限定为阿尔及利亚比斯克拉省的欧塔亚。还提供了一份要保留、添加到或从《生命百科全书》中删除的物种的完整清单，并做了一些修正。
