Sølvberg Nina, Torstveit Monica Klungland, Mountjoy Margo, Rosenvinge Jan H, Pettersen Gunn, Sundgot-Borgen Jorunn
Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jul 14;14:1168423. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1168423. eCollection 2023.
To examine high school students' disclosure of sexual harassment and abuse (SHA), and awareness of reporting systems and support mechanisms in school among students, leaders, and coaches.
Norwegian 17-year-old high school elite athletes ( = 630), recreational athletes ( = 307), and reference students ( = 263) responded to an online questionnaire at two measurement points, 1 year apart (T1 and T2). Leaders and coaches ( = 249) at the participating high schools responded to an adapted version of the questionnaire at T1. Data were analyzed using ANOVA or Welch test, Pearson Chi-Square test, and McNemar test.
In total, 11.4 and 34.0% of the adolescents were aware of reporting systems and support mechanisms, respectively, in their schools. Nearly all the leaders, and half of the coaches were aware of these resources. Among the adolescents with lifetime experience of SHA, 20.1% had disclosed their experiences to someone. Girls disclosed more frequently than boys. The elite- and recreational athletes disclosed less often compared with the reference students. A negative change from T1 to T2 was found in disclosure of SHA and awareness of support mechanisms. At T2, 6.5% of the adolescents reported that their school had implemented measures against SHA during the last 12 months.
The results emphasize a need for institutional effort to improve information about available report- and support resources and increase the relevance of use of such systems for adolescents.
调查高中生对性骚扰和性虐待（SHA）的披露情况，以及学生、领导和教练对学校报告系统和支持机制的认知。
挪威17岁的高中精英运动员（n = 630）、业余运动员（n = 307）和对照学生（n = 263）在两个测量点（相隔1年，T1和T2）回答了一份在线问卷。参与研究的高中的领导和教练（n = 249）在T1回答了问卷的改编版。使用方差分析或 Welch 检验、Pearson卡方检验和 McNemar 检验对数据进行分析。
总体而言，分别有11.4%和34.0%的青少年知晓学校的报告系统和支持机制。几乎所有领导和一半的教练都知晓这些资源。在有过SHA经历的青少年中，20.1%的人向他人披露了自己的经历。女孩披露的频率高于男孩。与对照学生相比，精英运动员和业余运动员披露的频率较低。在SHA披露和支持机制认知方面，发现从T1到T2有负面变化。在T2时，6.5%的青少年报告称他们学校在过去12个月里实施了针对SHA的措施。
结果强调需要机构做出努力，以改善关于可用报告和支持资源的信息，并提高此类系统对青少年的使用相关性。
