Molla Yohannis Derbew, Abegaz Sead Hassen, Desita Zerubabel Tegegne
Department of Surgery, University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Science, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Science, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 15;9(7):e18326. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18326. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The terms "free air or gas located within the mediastinum and subcutaneous tissue that are not associated with any obvious causes, such as chest trauma," are used to characterise spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) and subcutaneous emphysema (SE). SPM has been linked to a variety of illnesses and causes, including bronchial asthma, diabetic ketoacidosis, strenuous exercise, strenuous coughing, medication intake, and other actions involving the Valsalva maneuver. We describe a case of spontaneous cervical, retropharyngeal, and mediastinal emphysema in a young female who was previously healthy. She was brought into the ward for observation, vital sign monitoring, analgesics, and prophylactic antibiotics. She started taking analgesics, preventative antibiotics, and 100% oxygen throughout that period to help with absorption. The neck pain gradually subsided, and there were no bouts of oxygen desaturation or abnormal vital signs. After subsequently getting better, the patient went home. The patient was examined in an outpatient clinic two weeks after being discharged and shown no signs of illness. To sum up, subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are uncommon presentations seen in the emergency room, but they are typically self-limiting.
术语“位于纵隔和皮下组织内且与任何明显病因（如胸部创伤）无关的游离气体”用于描述自发性纵隔气肿（SPM）和皮下气肿（SE）。SPM与多种疾病和病因有关，包括支气管哮喘、糖尿病酮症酸中毒、剧烈运动、剧烈咳嗽、药物摄入以及其他涉及瓦尔萨尔瓦动作的行为。我们描述了一例先前健康的年轻女性发生自发性颈部、咽后和纵隔气肿的病例。她被送入病房进行观察、生命体征监测、给予镇痛药和预防性抗生素。在此期间，她开始服用镇痛药、预防性抗生素并吸入100%氧气以促进吸收。颈部疼痛逐渐缓解，未出现氧饱和度下降发作或生命体征异常。随后病情好转后，患者出院回家。出院两周后，患者在门诊接受检查，未显示出疾病迹象。总之，皮下气肿和纵隔气肿是急诊室中少见的表现，但通常为自限性。
