Gebiso Tamrat, Ketema Mengistu, Shumetie Arega, Leggesse Getachew
Candidate at Haramaya University and Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia.
Professor of Agricultural Economics and CEO of Ethiopian Economics Association, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 17;9(7):e18390. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18390. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The study has been conducted to assess the farm mechanization level and tried to identify the determinants. The research utilizes primary data, collected through personal interview of 397 farm households located in the four districts of central and southeast Oromia region of Ethiopia. Multi-stage, purposive and random sampling procedures were used to select the respondents using probability proportional to size from each district. Mechanization Index (MI) based on the matrix use of animate and mechanical energy inputs that incorporate cost factors was used to estimate farm mechanization level, while Tobit model was employed to analyze factors that determine the farm mechanization level. Household's sex, educational background, experience in farming, family labor availability and social capital, location of household, access to all-weather roads and distance to farm mechanization service providers centers, participation in market and off-farm activities, landholding, land fragmentation and size of livestock owned (TLU) are statistically significant in determining level of farm mechanization. Land consolidation, availing infrastructural facilities and facilitating adult education and short-term trainings are important recommendations to enhance farm mechanization level in the study area.
开展该研究是为了评估农场机械化水平，并试图确定其决定因素。该研究利用通过对位于埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚地区中部和东南部四个区的397户农户进行个人访谈收集的原始数据。采用多阶段、有目的和随机抽样程序，按与规模成比例的概率从每个区选取受访者。基于结合成本因素的畜力和机械能投入矩阵使用的机械化指数（MI）用于估计农场机械化水平，而采用托比特模型分析决定农场机械化水平的因素。家庭的性别、教育背景、务农经验、家庭劳动力可得性和社会资本、家庭位置、是否有全天候道路以及到农场机械化服务提供商中心的距离、参与市场和非农活动、土地持有量、土地碎片化程度以及拥有的牲畜数量（热带牲畜单位）在决定农场机械化水平方面具有统计学意义。土地整治、提供基础设施以及促进成人教育和短期培训是提高研究区域农场机械化水平的重要建议。
