Chen Baoxia, Han Song, Wang Hongshen, Huang Xia, Wang Fang
School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Graduate School, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 11;9(7):e18165. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18165. eCollection 2023 Jul.
This study explored the relationship between university students' exercise efficacy and behavioral intention to participate in winter sports. Using a self-efficacy scale, exercise motivation scale, satisfaction with life scale, and the theory of planned behavior questionnaire, the intentions and behaviors of 862 university students were investigated. Based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model and customer satisfaction theories, a model of the relationship between university students' exercise efficacy and behavioral intention was constructed. The results showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between sports efficacy, motivation, satisfaction, experience perception, and behavioral intention. Sports efficacy had a direct and positive effect on university students' behavioral intention to participate in winter sports (SE = 0.052, Z = 10.673 > 1.96, P = 0.000); The indirect effect of sports efficacy on behavioral intention via motivation and satisfaction was 0.077 (SE = 0.016, Z = 4.813 > 1.96, P = 0.000); the indirect effect of sports efficacy on behavioral intention via experience perception, motivation, and satisfaction was 0.037 (SE = 0.009, Z = 4.111 > 1.96, P = 0.000). Our results not only verify and expand on the HAPA and customer satisfaction theories but also highlight the need for interventions targeting university students' behavioral intention of participating in winter sports from the perspective of improving their sports efficacy, improving the perception of winter sports participation experience, and enhancing their motivation for engaging in exercise and satisfaction with exercise.
本研究探讨了大学生运动效能与参与冬季运动行为意向之间的关系。通过使用自我效能量表、运动动机量表、生活满意度量表和计划行为理论问卷，对862名大学生的意向和行为进行了调查。基于健康行动过程方法（HAPA）模型和顾客满意度理论，构建了大学生运动效能与行为意向之间关系的模型。结果表明，运动效能、动机、满意度、体验感知与行为意向之间存在显著正相关。运动效能对大学生参与冬季运动的行为意向有直接正向影响（SE = 0.052，Z = 10.673 > 1.96，P = 0.000）；运动效能通过动机和满意度对行为意向的间接效应为0.077（SE = 0.016，Z = 4.813 > 1.96，P = 0.000）；运动效能通过体验感知、动机和满意度对行为意向的间接效应为0.037（SE = 0.009，Z = 4.111 > 1.96，P = 0.000）。我们的研究结果不仅验证和扩展了HAPA模型和顾客满意度理论，还强调了从提高大学生运动效能、改善冬季运动参与体验感知以及增强其运动动机和运动满意度的角度出发，针对大学生参与冬季运动行为意向进行干预的必要性。
