Okoye Esther Amaka, Ezejiofor Anthonet N, Nwaogazie Ify L, Frazzoli Chiara, Orisakwe Orish E
African Centre of Excellence for Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323 Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.
African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
J Toxicol. 2023 Jul 20;2023:8036893. doi: 10.1155/2023/8036893. eCollection 2023.
The Niger Delta, Nigeria, is noted for crude oil exploration. Whereas there seems to be a handful of data on soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in this area, there is a paucity of studies that have evaluated soil and vegetation PAHs simultaneously. The present study has addressed this information gap. Fresh (Jacq) (guinea grass), Schumach (elephant grass), (L.) (maize), and soil samples were collected in triplicate from Choba, Khana, Trans-Amadi, Eleme, Uyo, and Yenagoa. PAHs determination was carried out using GC-MS. The percentage composition of the molecular weight distribution of PAHs, the molecular ratio of selected PAHs for identification of possible sources, and the isomeric ratio and total index of soil were evaluated. Schumach (elephant grass) from Uyo has the highest (10.0 mg·kg) PAH while (Jacq) (guinea grass) has the highest PAH (32.5 mg·kg from Khana. (L.) (maize) from Uyo (46.04%), Schumach (elephant grass) from Trans-Amadi (47.7%), guinea grass from Eleme (49.2%), and elephant grass from Choba (39.9%) contained the highest percentage of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs. Soil samples from Yenagoa (53.5%) and Khana (55.3%) showed the highest percentage of HMW PAHs. The total index ranged 0.27-12.4 in Uyo, 0.29-8.69 in Choba, 0.02-10.1 in Khana, 0.01-5.53 in Yenagoa, 0.21-9.52 in Eleme, and 0.13-8.96 in Trans-Amadi. The presence of HMW PAHs and molecular diagnostic ratios suggest PAH pollution from pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. Some soils in the Niger Delta show RQ values higher than 800 and require remediation to forestall ecohealth consequences.
尼日利亚的尼日尔三角洲以原油勘探而闻名。尽管该地区似乎有一些关于土壤多环芳烃（PAH）水平的数据，但同时评估土壤和植被中PAHs的研究却很少。本研究填补了这一信息空白。从乔巴、哈纳、跨阿马迪、埃勒梅、乌约和耶纳戈阿采集了新鲜的臂形草（几内亚草）、象草、玉米以及土壤样本，每个样本采集三份。使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）进行PAHs测定。评估了PAHs分子量分布的百分比组成、用于识别可能来源的选定PAHs的分子比率、土壤的异构体比率和总指数。来自乌约的象草PAH含量最高（10.0 mg·kg），而来自哈纳的几内亚草PAH含量最高（32.5 mg·kg）。来自乌约的玉米（46.04%）、来自跨阿马迪的象草（47.7%）、来自埃勒梅的几内亚草（49.2%）以及来自乔巴的象草（39.9%）含有最高比例的高分子量（HMW）PAHs。来自耶纳戈阿（53.5%）和哈纳（55.3%）的土壤样本显示出最高比例的HMW PAHs。总指数在乌约为0.27 - 12.4，在乔巴为0.29 - 8.69，在哈纳为0.02 - 10.1，在耶纳戈阿为0.01 - 5.53，在埃勒梅为0.21 - 9.52，在跨阿马迪为0.13 - 8.96。高分子量PAHs的存在和分子诊断比率表明PAH污染来自热解源和石油源。尼日尔三角洲的一些土壤显示风险商（RQ）值高于800，需要进行修复以防止对生态健康产生影响。
