Hackenhaar William, Mazzaferro José A E, Mazzaferro Cintia C P, Grossi Niccolò, Campatelli Gianni
Welding & Related Techniques Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul UFRGS/PROMEC, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil.
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Firenze, Via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Weld World. 2022;66(11):2259-2269. doi: 10.1007/s40194-022-01342-0. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
In this work, AISI H13 tool steel build-ups were produced through wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The cold metal transfer (CMT), low spatter control (LSC) and pulsed synergic (PS) current deposition modes were compared. Similar deposition strategy was employed in order to attempt to evaluate the influence of energy input on geometrical and mechanical properties of the deposits. To evaluate the mechanical properties of the deposits, hardness and tensile tests were carried out. Microstructures were analysed in optical microscope. As a result of the intrinsic characteristics of each current waveform and adjustments of the heat source used to perform the deposits, the heat input value was similar for CMT and PS mode and lower for the LSC mode. The CMT deposit was the tallest and widest. Temperatures were higher using the PS deposition mode. The hardness values for all deposits were higher than the usual ones for this tool steel. The microstructure was composed by hard phases, and the precipitates at grain boundaries were responsible for the brittle fracture observed in tensile specimens.
在这项工作中，通过电弧增材制造（WAAM）制备了AISI H13工具钢堆积体。比较了冷金属过渡（CMT）、低飞溅控制（LSC）和脉冲协同（PS）电流沉积模式。采用了相似的沉积策略，以试图评估能量输入对沉积物几何和力学性能的影响。为了评估沉积物的力学性能，进行了硬度和拉伸试验。在光学显微镜下分析微观结构。由于每种电流波形的固有特性以及用于进行沉积的热源的调整，CMT和PS模式的热输入值相似，而LSC模式的热输入值较低。CMT沉积物最高且最宽。使用PS沉积模式时温度更高。所有沉积物的硬度值均高于这种工具钢通常的硬度值。微观结构由硬相组成，晶界处的析出物是拉伸试样中观察到的脆性断裂的原因。
