Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shunkaikai Inoue Hospital, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 14;14:1222428. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1222428. eCollection 2023.
Controlling pulmonary complex (MAC) disease is difficult because there is no way to know the clinical stage accurately. There have been few attempts to use cell-mediated immunity for diagnosing the stage. The objective of this study was to characterize cytokine profiles of CD4+T and CD19+B cells that recognize various -associated antigens in different clinical stages of MAC.
A total of 47 MAC patients at different stages based on clinical information (14 before-treatment, 16 on-treatment, and 17 after-treatment) and 17 healthy controls were recruited. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with specific antigens (MAV0968, 1160, 1276, and 4925), and the cytokine profiles (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17) of CD4+/CD3+ and CD19+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.
The response of Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α against various antigens was significantly higher in both the on-treatment and after-treatment groups than in the before-treatment group and control (P < 0.01-0.0001 and P < 0.05-0.0001). An analysis of polyfunctional T cells suggested that the presence of IL-2 is closely related to the stage after the start of treatment (P = 0.0309-P < 0.0001) and is involved in memory function. Non-Th1 cytokines, such as IL-10 and IL-17, showed significantly higher responses in the before-treatment group (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.01-0.0001). These responses were not observed with purified protein derivative (PPD). CD19+B cells showed a response similar to that of CD4+T cells.
There is a characteristic cytokine profile at each clinical stage of MAC.
控制肺复合体（MAC）疾病很困难，因为无法准确了解临床阶段。很少有尝试使用细胞介导免疫来诊断该阶段。本研究的目的是描述 CD4+T 和 CD19+B 细胞对 MAC 不同临床阶段的各种相关抗原的细胞因子谱。
根据临床信息招募了 47 名处于不同阶段的 MAC 患者（14 名治疗前、16 名治疗中、17 名治疗后）和 17 名健康对照者。用特异性抗原（MAV0968、1160、1276 和 4925）培养外周血单核细胞，并通过流式细胞术分析 CD4+/CD3+和 CD19+细胞的细胞因子谱（IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2、IL-10、IL-13 和 IL-17）。
与治疗前组和对照组相比，治疗中组和治疗后组对各种抗原的 Th1 细胞因子（如 IFN-γ 和 TNF-α）的反应明显更高（P<0.01-0.0001 和 P<0.05-0.0001）。对多功能 T 细胞的分析表明，IL-2 的存在与治疗开始后的阶段密切相关（P=0.0309-P<0.0001），并参与记忆功能。非 Th1 细胞因子，如 IL-10 和 IL-17，在治疗前组的反应明显更高（P<0.0001 和 P<0.01-0.0001）。这些反应在纯化蛋白衍生物（PPD）中未观察到。CD19+B 细胞的反应与 CD4+T 细胞相似。
MAC 的每个临床阶段都有特征性的细胞因子谱。
