Leal Paulo Daniel Sant'Anna, Veeren Ianna Barbosa Lima, Fonseca Solange, Machado Carlos Henrique, Lopes Carlos Wilson Gomes
Veterinarian, DSc., Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias (PPGCV), Departamento de Parasitologia Animal (DPA), Instituto de Veterinária (IV), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
Veterinarian, autonomous. Rua Januário José Pinto de Oliveira, 735, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, RJ, Brazil.
Braz J Vet Med. 2023 Jul 24;45:e004022. doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm0004022. eCollection 2023.
Neutrophils (PMNs) are cellular markers used for diagnosing inflammation and/or infections. In this study, the objective was to highlight the importance of recording the toxic morphological alterations of the PMNs as markers of infection in 10 cases, positive bacterial isolation by culture due to dysuria, hematuria and/or fetid urine, as manifestations of urinary tract disease. Smear observations were performed by immersion for counting and morphological evaluations of 3,000 leukocytes in smears and in leukocyte concentrate. One (10.0%) of the dogs had leukocytosis, and two (20.0%) dogs had leukopenia. All animals showed toxic PMNs with positive bacterial culture. None of the cases in the study showed any quantitative alterations in PMNs such as: neutropenia or neutrophilia, where 100% had nuclear displacement of the regenerative type of PMNs to the left. 100% cases had toxic morphological changes: 90.0% had PMNs with toxic granulations, 80.0% had giant rod neutrophils, 70.0% had target PMNs, in 50.0% of those with vacuolation in the cytoplasm, in 40.0% of the animals, the presence of giant PMNs, 10.0% with Döhle bodies, and another animal 10.0% with karyorrhexis. All case studies had at least one association of two types of toxic changes. Toxic morphological alterations observed in PMNs through cystoscopy proved to be more reliable and sensitive in evidencing the diagnosis of infections than the quantitative alterations of absolute values of total leukocytes; therefore, they were essential in the laboratory diagnosis by blood count in the course of infections in dogs.
中性粒细胞（PMNs）是用于诊断炎症和/或感染的细胞标志物。在本研究中，目的是强调记录中性粒细胞毒性形态学改变作为感染标志物的重要性，这10例病例因排尿困难、血尿和/或恶臭尿液进行细菌培养分离出阳性细菌，这些都是泌尿系统疾病的表现。通过浸液法进行涂片观察，以对涂片和白细胞浓缩物中的3000个白细胞进行计数和形态学评估。其中一只（10.0%）犬出现白细胞增多，两只（20.0%）犬出现白细胞减少。所有动物的细菌培养均显示为阳性，且均有中毒性中性粒细胞。该研究中的病例均未显示中性粒细胞有任何数量上的改变，如中性粒细胞减少或增多，其中100%的病例有再生型中性粒细胞核左移。100%的病例有中毒性形态学改变：90.0%的中性粒细胞有中毒性颗粒，80.0%有巨型杆状中性粒细胞，70.0%有靶形中性粒细胞，50.0%的细胞浆有空泡，40.0%的动物有巨型中性粒细胞，10.0%有杜勒小体，另一只动物有10.0%有核溶解。所有病例研究至少有两种中毒性改变的组合。通过膀胱镜检查在中性粒细胞中观察到的中毒性形态学改变在证明感染诊断方面比总白细胞绝对值的数量改变更可靠、更敏感；因此，它们对于犬感染过程中血常规实验室诊断至关重要。
