Janschitz Gerlinde, Zehetner Elisabeth, Fernandez Karina
Deutsches Jugendinstitut, Nockherstraße 2, 81541 München, Deutschland.
Institut für Educational Governance, Pädagogische Hochschule Steiermark, Ortweinplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Österreich.
Z Bild Forsch. 2022;12(2):387-406. doi: 10.1007/s35834-022-00347-5. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
The Covid 19 pandemic hit the Austrian school system in spring 2020, bringing a range of new challenges. The following phases of school closures and distance learning also promoted digitalisation processes in schools. In this context, technical equipment and digital competences of students gain importance, which bears the risk that a digital divide deepens already existing inequalities in education. This article therefore examines digitalisation in schools during the pandemic and takes a closer look at digital inequalities during distance learning. We use data from an interview study with teachers, school administrators, employees of psychosocial support systems at schools, as well as students. The findings of this study show that Covid-related school closures and distance learning go along with an expansion and a certain consolidation of teaching and learning by digital means. Yet, we see persisting problems which are linked with structural inequalities. There were no catch-up processes for socially disadvantaged students as a result of digitalisation. Rather, the factors that were already decisive for the profound inequalities in the Austrian education system before the pandemic, such as socioeconomic status, educational level of the parents, and cultural capital, continue to be of major importance for distance learning and the use of digital media in schools.
2020年春季,新冠疫情冲击了奥地利的学校系统,带来了一系列新挑战。随后的学校关闭和远程学习阶段也推动了学校的数字化进程。在此背景下,学生的技术设备和数字能力变得愈发重要,这有可能导致数字鸿沟加剧教育领域业已存在的不平等现象。因此,本文考察了疫情期间学校的数字化情况,并深入探讨了远程学习期间的数字不平等问题。我们使用了一项访谈研究的数据,访谈对象包括教师、学校管理人员、学校心理社会支持系统的工作人员以及学生。这项研究的结果表明,与新冠疫情相关的学校关闭和远程学习伴随着数字教学手段的扩展和一定程度的巩固。然而,我们也看到了与结构性不平等相关的持续存在的问题。数字化并未给社会弱势学生带来追赶进程。相反,在疫情之前就对奥地利教育系统中严重不平等现象起决定性作用的因素,如社会经济地位、家长的教育水平和文化资本,在远程学习和学校数字媒体的使用方面仍然至关重要。