Alhakak Alia Saed, Olsen Flemming Javier, Skaarup Kristoffer Grundtvig, Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg, Johansen Niklas Dyrby, Jørgensen Peter Godsk, Abildgaard Ulrik, Jensen Gorm Boje, Schnohr Peter, Søgaard Peter, Møgelvang Rasmus, Biering-Sørensen Tor
Cardiovascular Non-Invasive Imaging Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 1, Hellerup, 2900, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Clin Res Cardiol. 2025 Apr;114(4):430-442. doi: 10.1007/s00392-023-02269-2. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
Color tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) M-mode can be used to measure the cardiac time intervals including the isovolumic contraction time (IVCT), the left ventricular ejection time (LVET), the isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), and the combination of all the cardiac time intervals in the myocardial performance index (MPI) defined as [(IVCT + IVRT)/LVET]. The aim of this study was to establish normal age- and sex-based reference ranges for the cardiac time intervals.
A total of 1969 participants free of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors from the general population with limited age range underwent an echocardiographic examination including TDI. The median age was 46 years (25th-75th percentile: 33-58 years), and 61.5% were females. In the entire study population, the IVCT was observed to be 40 ± 10 ms [95% prediction interval (PI) 20-59 ms], the LVET 292 ± 23 ms (95% PI 248-336 ms), the IVRT 96 ± 19 ms (95% PI 59-134 ms) and MPI 0.47 ± 0.09 (95% PI 0.29-0.65). All the cardiac time intervals differed significantly between females and males. With increasing age, the IVCT increased in females, but not in males. The LVET did not change with age in both sexes, while the IVRT increased in both sexes with increasing age. Furthermore, we developed regression equations relating the heart rate to the cardiac time intervals and age- and sex-based normal reference ranges corrected for heart rate.
In this study, we established normal age- and sex-based reference ranges for the cardiac time intervals. These normal reference ranges differed significantly with sex.
彩色组织多普勒成像（TDI）M型可用于测量心脏时间间期，包括等容收缩时间（IVCT）、左心室射血时间（LVET）、等容舒张时间（IVRT），以及心肌性能指数（MPI）中所有心脏时间间期的组合，其定义为[(IVCT + IVRT)/LVET]。本研究的目的是建立基于年龄和性别的心脏时间间期正常参考范围。
共有1969名来自一般人群、年龄范围有限且无心血管疾病及危险因素的参与者接受了包括TDI的超声心动图检查。年龄中位数为46岁（第25至75百分位数：33 - 58岁），女性占61.5%。在整个研究人群中，观察到IVCT为40±10毫秒[95%预测区间（PI）20 - 59毫秒]，LVET为292±23毫秒（95% PI 248 - 336毫秒），IVRT为96±19毫秒（95% PI 59 - 134毫秒），MPI为0.47±0.09（95% PI 0.29 - 0.65）。所有心脏时间间期在女性和男性之间存在显著差异。随着年龄增长，女性的IVCT增加，而男性则不然。两性的LVET均不随年龄变化，而IVRT在两性中均随年龄增长而增加。此外，我们建立了心率与心脏时间间期的回归方程，以及基于年龄和性别的经心率校正的正常参考范围。
在本研究中，我们建立了基于年龄和性别的心脏时间间期正常参考范围。这些正常参考范围在性别上存在显著差异。
