Renström P, Arms S W, Stanwyck T S, Johnson R J, Pope M H
Am J Sports Med. 1986 Jan-Feb;14(1):83-7. doi: 10.1177/036354658601400114.
The objectives of this study were to measure strain in the ACL during simulated: hamstring activity alone, quadriceps activity alone, and simultaneous quadriceps and hamstring activity. Seven knee specimens removed from cadavers were studied. Heavy sutures applied to load cells were attached to the hamstring and quadriceps tendons. Loads were then applied manually (hamstrings) and/or with an Instron testing machine (quadriceps) to simulate isometric contractions of the various muscle groups. Strain was measured using a Hall effect transducer. Acting alone, the isometric hamstring activity decreased ACL strain relative to the passive normal strain at all positions tested. Thus, hamstring exercises are not detrimental to ACL repairs or reconstruction and can be included early in the rehabilitation program after ACL surgery. Acting alone, at flexion angles of 0 degree to 45 degrees, the quadriceps significantly increased the strain within the ACL relative to the passive normal strain. Strain in the ACL during simultaneous hamstring and quadriceps activity was significantly higher than that during passive normal motion from full extension to 30 degrees of flexion. The hamstrings are not capable of masking the potentially harmful effects of simultaneous quadriceps contraction on freshly repaired or reconstructed ACLs unless the knee flexion angle exceeds 30 degrees.
本研究的目的是测量在模拟情况下前交叉韧带（ACL）的应变：单独的腘绳肌活动、单独的股四头肌活动以及股四头肌和腘绳肌同时活动。对从尸体上取下的7个膝关节标本进行了研究。将连接到测力传感器的粗缝线附着在腘绳肌和股四头肌肌腱上。然后手动（腘绳肌）和/或使用英斯特朗测试机（股四头肌）施加负荷，以模拟各肌肉群的等长收缩。使用霍尔效应传感器测量应变。单独作用时，在所有测试位置，等长的腘绳肌活动相对于被动正常应变降低了ACL应变。因此，腘绳肌锻炼对ACL修复或重建无害，可在ACL手术后的康复计划早期纳入。单独作用时，在0度至45度的屈曲角度下，股四头肌相对于被动正常应变显著增加了ACL内的应变。在腘绳肌和股四头肌同时活动期间，ACL的应变明显高于从完全伸展到30度屈曲的被动正常运动期间的应变。除非膝关节屈曲角度超过30度，否则腘绳肌无法掩盖股四头肌同时收缩对新修复或重建的ACL的潜在有害影响。
