Arms S W, Pope M H, Johnson R J, Fischer R A, Arvidsson I, Eriksson E
Am J Sports Med. 1984 Jan-Feb;12(1):8-18. doi: 10.1177/036354658401200102.
The rehabilitation of knee injuries involving the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is controversial. This paper describes strain in the normal and reconstructed ACL during a series of passive and active tests of knee flexion with and without varus, valgus, and axial rotation torques on the tibia. Strain in the human knee ACL was significantly different depending on whether the knee flexion angle was changed passively or via simulated quadriceps contraction. The knee joint capsule was found to be important for strain protection of the ACL. Quadriceps activity did not strain the normal or reconstructed ACL when the knee was flexed beyond 60 degrees, but significantly strained the tissue from 0 to 45 degrees of knee flexion. Immobilization may not protect the ACL if isometric quadriceps contractions are allowed to occur. Properly placed reconstructions exhibited strain behavior which closely followed the anteromedial band of the ACL.
涉及前交叉韧带（ACL）的膝关节损伤的康复存在争议。本文描述了在一系列被动和主动膝关节屈曲测试过程中，正常ACL和重建ACL在施加和不施加胫骨内翻、外翻及轴向旋转扭矩情况下的应变情况。根据膝关节屈曲角度是被动改变还是通过模拟股四头肌收缩来改变，人膝关节ACL中的应变存在显著差异。发现膝关节囊对ACL的应变保护很重要。当膝关节屈曲超过60度时，股四头肌活动不会使正常或重建的ACL产生应变，但在膝关节屈曲0至45度时会使组织产生显著应变。如果允许等长股四头肌收缩发生，固定可能无法保护ACL。放置恰当的重建物表现出的应变行为与ACL的前内侧束密切相关。
