School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China.
School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China.
J Sci Med Sport. 2023 Sep;26(9):493-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.07.006. Epub 2023 Jul 20.
While the use of mouthguards is well established to prevent orofacial and dental trauma occurrence, limited evidence exists regarding their influence on athletic performance. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effect of wearing mouthguards on athletic performance.
Systematic review.
An extensive search was performed in the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library for studies published up to August 2022. Only peer-reviewed studies involving humans in vivo and investigating the use of mouthguards on performance among athletes were included. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.
The initial query yielded 4785 citations, of which 41 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 852 athletes. Overall, wearing mouthguards was found to improve athletic performance compared to the control group (without mouthguards). Custom-made mouthguards were found to be more effective in enhancing athletic performance compared to other types of mouthguards.
Wearing mouthguards should be advocated by athletes not only for the prevention of orofacial and dental trauma but also for their potential improvements in athletic performance in specific actions. However, caution must be exercised in interpreting these findings due to the variability in outcome measures and the lack of important methodological details.
虽然使用口腔防护用具预防口腔颌面部和牙齿创伤已得到广泛认可，但关于其对运动表现影响的证据有限。本研究的目的是系统综述文献，评估佩戴口腔防护用具对运动表现的影响。
系统综述。
在 PubMed/MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库中进行了广泛的检索，以检索截至 2022 年 8 月发表的研究。仅纳入了涉及体内人类的同行评审研究，并调查了运动员使用口腔防护用具对表现的影响。使用 Cochrane 协作风险偏倚工具进行质量评估。
最初的查询产生了 4785 条引文，其中 41 项研究符合纳入标准，共纳入 852 名运动员。总体而言，与对照组（无口腔防护用具）相比，佩戴口腔防护用具被发现可提高运动表现。与其他类型的口腔防护用具相比，定制口腔防护用具在提高运动表现方面更有效。
运动员不仅应因其预防口腔颌面部和牙齿创伤的作用而提倡佩戴口腔防护用具，还应因其在特定动作中对运动表现的潜在改善作用而提倡佩戴。然而，由于测量结果的可变性和缺乏重要的方法学细节，在解释这些发现时应谨慎。
