Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt.
Fungicides, Bactericides and Nematicides Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabheya, Alexandria, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 31;13(1):12418. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39324-x.
The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are considered one of the most destructive diseases in the world. In Egypt, farmers primarily rely on chemical nematicides, which have become costly to control. Currently, abamectin is a bio-based pesticide used as an alternative tool against Meloidogyne spp. on cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.). During the current research, four tested abamectin formulations were DIVA (1.8% EW), RIOMECTIN (5% ME), AGRIMEC GOLD (8.4% SC) and ZORO (3.6% EC) compared with two reference nematicides namely, CROP NEMA (5% CS) and TERVIGO (2% SC). The main results showed that, in vitro study elucidated that the most effective formulations of abamectin as a larvicidal were EW with LC value of 21.66 µg ml. However, in the egg hatching test, the formulations of abamectin SC (2%) and EW were the most effective in reducing egg hatching, with LC values of 12.83 and 13.57 µg ml. The calculated relative potency values showed diversity depending on the two referenced nematicides. On the other hand, in vivo study, the results indicated that, all tested formulations of abamectin recorded general mean reductions in root galls (23.05-75.23%), egg masses (14.46-65.63%). Moreover, the total population density declined by 39.24-87.08%. Furthermore, the influence of abamectin formulations, in the presence of root-knot nematodes, on the growth of cucumber plants parameters, such as root dry weight, root length, root radius, root surface area, shoot dry weight and shoot height, as well as the content of macro-elements (N, P and K) exhibited varying levels of response.
根结线虫（Meloidogyne spp.）被认为是世界上最具破坏性的疾病之一。在埃及，农民主要依赖化学杀线虫剂来控制，这已经变得非常昂贵。目前，阿维菌素作为一种生物农药，被用作防治黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）上的根结线虫的替代工具。在当前的研究中，四种测试的阿维菌素配方是 DIVA（1.8% EW）、RIOMECTIN（5% ME）、AGRIMEC GOLD（8.4% SC）和 ZORO（3.6% EC），与两种参考杀线虫剂 CROP NEMA（5% CS）和 TERVIGO（2% SC）进行了比较。主要结果表明，体外研究表明，作为幼虫毒剂，阿维菌素最有效的配方是 EW，其 LC 值为 21.66 µg/ml。然而，在卵孵化试验中，SC（2%）和 EW 配方在降低卵孵化方面最有效，LC 值分别为 12.83 和 13.57 µg/ml。根据两种参考杀线虫剂计算的相对效力值显示出多样性。另一方面，在体内研究中，结果表明，所有测试的阿维菌素配方都记录了根瘤（23.05-75.23%）和卵块（14.46-65.63%）的普遍平均减少。此外，总种群密度下降了 39.24-87.08%。此外，阿维菌素配方在存在根结线虫的情况下，对黄瓜植株参数的生长的影响，如根干重、根长、根半径、根表面积、茎干重和茎高，以及宏量元素（N、P 和 K）的含量，表现出不同程度的反应。
