Bandara Nilanga Aki, Zhou Xuan Randy, Alhamam Abdullah, Black Peter C, St-Laurent Marie-Pier
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA.
World J Urol. 2023 Oct;41(10):2637-2646. doi: 10.1007/s00345-023-04546-1. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use is prevalent. The health implications of e-cig use on the genitourinary (GU) system are uncertain. This systematic review aims to evaluate how e-cig use impacts the GU system.
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Ovid alongside citation searching. Review articles, non-English papers, animal model/cell line studies or articles only on combustible cigarettes were excluded. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. The primary endpoint was the impact of e-cig use on bladder cancer incidence. Secondary outcomes included urinary carcinogens, chronic kidney disease (CKD), reproductive disorders, and other GU diseases.
The search yielded 244 articles, 28 were ultimately included. One study assessed risk of bladder cancer and found the use of e-cig was associated with an increased odds ratio of 1.577 for its diagnosis. Twenty-one articles measured potential urinary carcinogens-including crotonaldehyde and benzene-associated with bladder cancer. Two articles evaluated the association of e-cig use with CKD and reported mixed outcomes. Three articles reported on reproductive disorders, specifically, stuttering priapism and changes to sperm quantity and quality. One study reported on other GU diseases, specifically burns to the GU system. After quality assessment, all articles were deemed to be of acceptable quality for inclusion.
E-cig use was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer, increased exposure to carcinogenic compounds, mixed evidence on CKD, increased risk of reproductive disorders and burns to the GU system. Further studies are needed to understand long-term GU effects.
电子烟的使用很普遍。电子烟使用对泌尿生殖系统的健康影响尚不确定。本系统评价旨在评估电子烟使用如何影响泌尿生殖系统。
在PubMed、Embase和Ovid中进行系统检索，并进行引文检索。排除综述文章、非英文论文、动物模型/细胞系研究或仅关于可燃香烟的文章。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的清单进行质量评估。主要终点是电子烟使用对膀胱癌发病率的影响。次要结果包括尿液致癌物、慢性肾脏病（CKD）、生殖障碍和其他泌尿生殖系统疾病。
检索共得到244篇文章，最终纳入28篇。一项研究评估了膀胱癌风险，发现使用电子烟与其诊断的优势比增加1.577相关。21篇文章测量了与膀胱癌相关的潜在尿液致癌物，包括巴豆醛和苯。两篇文章评估了电子烟使用与CKD的关联，并报告了混合结果。三篇文章报道了生殖障碍，具体为持续性阴茎异常勃起以及精子数量和质量的变化。一项研究报道了其他泌尿生殖系统疾病，具体为泌尿生殖系统烧伤。经过质量评估，所有文章均被认为质量可接受，可纳入研究。
使用电子烟与膀胱癌风险增加、致癌化合物暴露增加、关于CKD的证据不一、生殖障碍风险增加以及泌尿生殖系统烧伤有关。需要进一步研究以了解其对泌尿生殖系统的长期影响。
