Huang Feng, Wang Yan, Yang Jie, Zhang Fengyun, Wang Xin, Xiang Yao, Yang Wenyi, Zhou Yonglin, Fan Lijun, Du Wei
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Res Nurs Health. 2023 Oct;46(5):515-526. doi: 10.1002/nur.22331. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
School bullying is a worldwide problem. Although previous studies examined the association between different lifestyle behaviors and bullying victimization, the complex co-occurrence of these behaviors was not identified, and their association with the risk of being bullied remains unclear. We aimed to identify the behavioral patterns of adolescents and to explore their association with bullying victimization. This cross-sectional study employed data from the "Surveillance for Common Diseases and Health Risk Factors among Students" project implemented in Jiangsu Province of China in 2019, and a total of 25,379 school-enrolled students were included. We used a latent class analysis to identify behavioral patterns and a regression mixture model to explore various demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, and family structure in relation to bullying victimization across different patterns. We considered respondents having targeted behaviors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, sugar consumption, no fruit consumption, low physical activity, electronic media use, and insufficient sleep. Four behavioral patterns were identified, including the "adolescents without apparent targeted behaviors" (19.65%), "substance and electronic media users" (12.76%), "typical electronic media users" (54.49%), and "typical substance users" (8.10%). The risk of being bullied was the highest in the "substance and electronic media users" (probability: 0.33), tripled that in "adolescents without apparent targeted behaviors" (odds ratio: 3.60, 95% confidence interval: 3.01-4.30). Risk of being bullied was reduced for those "substance and electronic media users" living with a nuclear family. Behavioral patterns and their association with being bullied differ between groups of school-aged adolescents. To better inform decision-making based on the current real-world findings, the implementation of bullying prevention programs could target specific behavioral patterns.
校园欺凌是一个全球性问题。尽管先前的研究考察了不同生活方式行为与欺凌受害之间的关联，但这些行为的复杂共现情况未被识别，且它们与被欺凌风险之间的关联仍不明确。我们旨在识别青少年的行为模式，并探讨其与欺凌受害的关联。这项横断面研究采用了2019年在中国江苏省实施的“学生常见疾病与健康风险因素监测”项目的数据，共纳入25379名在校学生。我们使用潜在类别分析来识别行为模式，并使用回归混合模型来探讨不同模式下与欺凌受害相关的各种人口统计学特征，如年龄、性别和家庭结构。我们考虑了受访者的目标行为，包括吸烟、饮酒、使用非法药物、食用糖分、不食用水果、体育活动不足、使用电子媒体和睡眠不足。识别出了四种行为模式，包括“无明显目标行为的青少年”（19.65%）、“物质与电子媒体使用者”（12.76%）、“典型电子媒体使用者”（54.49%）和“典型物质使用者”（8.10%）。“物质与电子媒体使用者”被欺凌的风险最高（概率：0.33），是“无明显目标行为的青少年”的三倍（优势比：3.60，95%置信区间：3.01 - 4.30）。对于那些与核心家庭一起生活的“物质与电子媒体使用者”，被欺凌的风险有所降低。学龄青少年群体之间的行为模式及其与被欺凌的关联存在差异。为了基于当前的实际研究结果更好地为决策提供信息，欺凌预防项目的实施可以针对特定的行为模式。
