Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849.
Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia.
J Parasitol. 2023 Jul 1;109(4):296-321. doi: 10.1645/23-14.
Sanguinicola Plehn, 1905 comprises 26 species that collectively infect fishes from 8 orders (Cypriniformes, Characiformes, Siluriformes, Esociformes, Salmoniformes, Labriformes, Centrarchiformes, and Perciformes). Its revision is warranted because several species assigned to the genus could represent new genera, nucleotide sequences are wanting, many species have incomplete descriptions, and types for most species are missing or of poor quality. Herein, we emend Sanguinicola based on morphology and the first nucleotide-based phylogenetic analysis that includes multiple sequences from morphologically identified adult specimens. We describe Sanguinicola plehnae Warren and Bullard n. sp. from the heart of northern pike, Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Russia; provide supplemental observations of Sanguinicola volgensis (Rašín, 1929) McIntosh, 1934 from the heart of sabrefish (type species), Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Berg, 1949 from Russia; describe Sanguinicola cf. volgensis from the heart of ide, Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus, 1758) Berg, 1949 from Russia; and describe Pseudosanguinicola occidentalis (Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932) Warren and Bullard n. gen., n. comb. from the heart of walleye, Sander vitreus (Mitchill, 1818) Bailey, Latta, and Smith, 2004 from eastern North America. Sanguinicola plehnae differs from its congeners by having lateral tegumental spines that total 118-122, are small (3% of body width), and protrude 2-3 µm from the tegument (lacking associated conical protrusion) as well as by having a large testis (>40% of body length). Sanguinicola volgensis differs from its congeners by having posteriorly directed lateral tegumental spines encased in a tegumental conical protrusion as well as by having an ovoid egg. Specimens of S. cf. volgensis differ from those of S. volgensis by having a body that is 5-6× longer than wide (vs. 2-3× in S. volgensis) and <90 lateral tegumental spines (vs. >95). Pseudosanguinicola Warren and Bullard n. gen. differs from Sanguinicola by having densely transverse rows of lateral tegumental spines (vs. a single column of large spines). The phylogenetic analysis utilizing the large subunit ribosomal DNA (28S) failed to reject monophyly of Sanguinicola.
血居吸虫属包含 26 个种，共同感染来自 8 个目（鲤形目、脂鲤目、鲶形目、狗鱼目、鲑形目、隆头鱼目、鲈形目和鲉形目）的鱼类。由于几种被分配到该属的物种可能代表新的属，核苷酸序列缺失，许多物种的描述不完整，而且大多数物种的模式标本缺失或质量较差，因此需要对其进行修订。本文根据形态学和首次基于核苷酸的系统发育分析对血居吸虫属进行了修订，该分析包括来自形态学鉴定的成年标本的多个序列。我们描述了来自俄罗斯的北方梭子鱼心脏的血居吸虫 plehnae Warren 和 Bullard n. sp.；提供了来自俄罗斯的 sabrefish（模式种）Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus, 1758) 心脏的血居吸虫 volgensis (Rašín, 1929) McIntosh, 1934 的补充观察结果；描述了来自俄罗斯的 ide（Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus, 1758) Berg, 1949）心脏的血居吸虫 cf. volgensis；以及描述了来自东加拿大的大眼梭鲈心脏的 Pseudosanguinicola occidentalis (Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932) Warren 和 Bullard n. gen., n. comb.。血居吸虫 plehnae 与其同属种的区别在于其侧面体被刺总数为 118-122，较小（占体宽的 3%），并且从体被突出 2-3 µm（缺乏相关的锥形突出），以及具有较大的睾丸（>40%的体长）。血居吸虫 volgensis 与其同属种的区别在于其向后指向的侧面体被刺被包裹在体被锥形突起中，以及具有卵形卵。S. cf. volgensis 的标本与 S. volgensis 的标本不同，其身体长度是宽度的 5-6 倍（而 S. volgensis 的标本为 2-3 倍），并且侧面体被刺<90 个（而 S. volgensis 的标本>95 个）。Pseudosanguinicola Warren 和 Bullard n. gen. 与 Sanguinicola 的区别在于其侧面体被刺具有密集的横向排列（而不是单个大刺列）。利用大亚基核糖体 DNA（28S）进行的系统发育分析未能拒绝血居吸虫属的单系性。
