Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Neuroscience Center for Anxiety, Stress, and Trauma, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2023;64:59-77. doi: 10.1007/7854_2023_435.
The study of fear extinction has been driven largely by Pavlovian fear conditioning methods across the translational spectrum. The primary methods used to study these processes in humans have been recordings of skin conductance (historically termed galvanic skin response) and fear-potentiation of the acoustic startle reflex. As outlined in the following chapter, the combined corpus of this work has demonstrated the value of psychophysiology in better understanding the underlying neurobiology of extinction learning in healthy humans as well as those with psychopathologies. In addition, psychophysiological approaches, which allow for the preservation of methods between species, have shown their applicability to the assessment of wide-ranging treatment effects. The chapter concludes with potential trajectories for future study in this area.
恐惧消退的研究在很大程度上受到了跨翻译谱的巴甫洛夫式恐惧条件作用方法的推动。在人类中研究这些过程的主要方法是记录皮肤电导（历史上称为皮肤电反应）和听觉惊跳反射的恐惧增强。正如以下章节所概述的，这项工作的综合研究成果证明了心理生理学在更好地理解健康人群和精神病理人群中消退学习的潜在神经生物学方面的价值。此外，心理生理学方法允许在物种之间保留方法，这表明它们适用于评估广泛的治疗效果。该章节最后提出了该领域未来研究的潜在方向。
