Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Evin, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2024 Jun;28(2):485-497. doi: 10.1007/s10006-023-01172-4. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate if there was a significant association between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the results of root coverage procedures.
Electronic search was performed through PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus until January 2023. Studies were included if evaluated the outcomes of periodontal plastic surgery procedures for the treatment of gingival recession in smokers. Statistical evaluation was conducted using random-effects method to analyze the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
From a total of 4494 references, 15 studies were considered relevant to be included in this study. The results showed that 44.39% sites had complete root coverage (CRC) at 6 months (non-smokers: 54.06%, < 10 cigarettes/day: 48%, 10-20 cigarettes/day: 19.56%, ≥ 20 cigarettes/day: 50%). Mean root coverage at 6 months were as follows: non-smokers: 74.94% ± 16.71%, < 10 cigarettes/day: 84.20% ± 2.24%, 10-20 cigarettes/day: 75.30% ± 14.69%, ≥ 20 cigarettes/day: 68.75% ± 26.51%. A significant difference was revealed between non-smokers and individuals who smoked 10-20 cigarettes/day in terms of CRC at 6 months: OR = 0.15 (95% CI = 0.03 to 0.71; P = .017). However, no significant difference was detected comparing 10-20 and ≥ 20 cigarettes/day.
As there was not enough data available, any definitive conclusions about the connection between an increase in the amount of cigarettes consumed per day and the results of root coverage procedures could not be reached. Further research is required with comparative studies involving individuals who smoke varying numbers of cigarettes.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在研究每天吸烟的支数与根覆盖手术结果之间是否存在显著关联。
通过 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase 和 Scopus 进行电子检索，检索时间截至 2023 年 1 月。纳入评估吸烟患者牙周整形手术治疗牙龈退缩结局的研究。使用随机效应法分析比值比（OR）和均数差值（MD），并计算 95%置信区间（CI）。
共检索到 4494 篇参考文献，其中 15 项研究被认为与本研究相关。结果显示，6 个月时 44.39%的位点达到完全根覆盖（CRC）（非吸烟者：54.06%，<10 支/天：48%，10-20 支/天：19.56%，≥20 支/天：50%）。6 个月时平均根覆盖情况如下：非吸烟者：74.94%±16.71%，<10 支/天：84.20%±2.24%，10-20 支/天：75.30%±14.69%，≥20 支/天：68.75%±26.51%。非吸烟者与 10-20 支/天吸烟者相比，6 个月时 CRC 的 OR 为 0.15（95%CI：0.03-0.71；P=0.017），差异有统计学意义。但在 10-20 支/天和≥20 支/天两组间，差异无统计学意义。
由于缺乏足够的数据，无法就每天吸烟支数的增加与根覆盖手术结果之间的关系得出明确的结论。需要进一步开展比较研究，纳入不同吸烟量的个体。
