Orlova A V, Georgieva S G, Kopytova D V
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2023 Jul-Aug;57(4):573-586.
Nucleocytoplasmic exchange in the cell occurs through the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). NPCs are large multiprotein complexes with octagonal symmetry about their axis and imperfect mirror symmetry about a plane parallel with the nuclear envelop (NE). NPC fuses the inner and outer nuclear membranes and opens up a channel between nucleus and cytoplasm. NPC is built of nucleoporins. Each nucleoporin occurs in at least eight copies per NPC. Inside the NPC a permeability barrier forms by which NPCs can provide fast and selectable transport of molecules from one side of the nuclear membrane to the other. NPC architecture is based on hierarchical principle of organization. Nucleoporins are integrated into complexes that oligomerizes into bigger octomeric high-order structures. These structures are the main components of NPCs. In the first part of this work, the main attention is paid to NPC structure and nucleoporin properties. The second part is dedicated to mechanisms of NPC assembly and disassembly at different stages of the cell cycle.
细胞中的核质交换通过核孔复合体（NPCs）进行。核孔复合体是大型多蛋白复合体，其围绕轴具有八边形对称性，围绕与核膜（NE）平行的平面具有不完全镜像对称性。核孔复合体融合核内膜和外核膜，并在细胞核和细胞质之间开辟一条通道。核孔复合体由核孔蛋白构成。每个核孔蛋白在每个核孔复合体中至少以八个拷贝出现。在核孔复合体内形成一个通透性屏障，通过该屏障核孔复合体能够实现分子从核膜一侧到另一侧的快速且选择性的运输。核孔复合体的结构基于分级组织原则。核孔蛋白整合到复合体中，这些复合体寡聚形成更大的八聚体高阶结构。这些结构是核孔复合体的主要组成部分。在这项工作的第一部分，主要关注核孔复合体的结构和核孔蛋白的特性。第二部分致力于细胞周期不同阶段核孔复合体组装和解聚的机制。
