Poznyak Anastasia V, Sukhorukov Vasiliy N, Guo Shuzhen, Postnov Anton Y, Orekhov Alexander N
Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow, Russia.
Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.
Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2023 Jul 29;17:11795468231189044. doi: 10.1177/11795468231189044. eCollection 2023.
For several decades, atherosclerosis has attracted the attention of researchers around the world. Even being a major cause of serious cardiovascular disease and events, atherosclerosis is still not fully understood. Despite the fact that the main players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are well known, many mechanisms of their implementation and interactions remain unknown. The same can be said about the risk factors for atherosclerosis. Many of them are known, but exactly how they work remains to be seen. The main objective of this review is to summarize the latest data on sex as a biological variable in atherosclerosis in humans and animals; to determine what we do not still know about how sex affects the process of growth and complications of atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarized data on sex differences at 3 atherosclerotic aspects: inflammation, vascular remodeling, and plaque morphology. With all overviewed data, we came to the conclusion on the atheroprotective role of female sex.
几十年来，动脉粥样硬化一直吸引着世界各地研究人员的关注。尽管动脉粥样硬化是严重心血管疾病及事件的主要病因，但人们对它仍未完全了解。尽管动脉粥样硬化发病机制中的主要因素已为人所知，但其作用机制及相互作用的许多方面仍不清楚。动脉粥样硬化的危险因素也是如此。其中许多危险因素已为人所知，但它们究竟如何发挥作用仍有待观察。本综述的主要目的是总结关于性别作为人类和动物动脉粥样硬化生物学变量的最新数据；确定我们对性别如何影响动脉粥样硬化的发展和并发症过程仍不清楚的地方。在本综述中，我们总结了动脉粥样硬化三个方面的性别差异数据：炎症、血管重塑和斑块形态。综合所有综述数据，我们得出了女性具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用的结论。
