Mármol-López María Isabel, Marques-Sule Elena, Naamanka Kati, Arnal-Gómez Anna, Cortés-Amador Sara, Durante Ángela, Tejada-Garrido Clara Isabel, Navas-Echazarreta Noelia, Juárez-Vela Raúl, Gea Vicente
Research Group GREIACC, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLaFe), Nursing School La Fe, Adscript Centre, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Physiotherapy in Motion, Department of Physiotherapy, Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 17;10:1158434. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1158434. eCollection 2023.
In health professions, ethics is considered a fundamental competence. The increase in clinical autonomy in the field of physiotherapy is associated with an increase in ethical situations in their clinical practice.
To explore the ethics of the clinical relationship between physiotherapists and patients, the ethics training received by physiotherapists, and if in the clinical context, physiotherapists identify the necessary attitudes and apply the ethical recommendations of the profession for the ethical situations they experience.
A qualitative exploratory and descriptive study was performed with physiotherapists. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using content analysis, as proposed by Krippendorf. The study protocol was approved by the University of Valencia Ethics Committee of Human Research.
This study included 15 physiotherapists (66.66% women, average age = 42.2 years), which was sufficient to reach data saturation. We identified four categories: (i) Ethics of the clinical relationship (ethical values, principles, and norms; type of clinical relationship), (ii) Ethics training received (during the physiotherapy studies; current training of students; low importance of ethics in the curriculum), (iii) Necessary attitudes for professional ethical practice (main attitudes were identified: personal attitudes and professional attitudes); (iv) Experiences from professional practice (general; public sector vs. private sector).
The ethics of the clinical relationship between physiotherapists and patients is determined by the attitudes of the practitioner, which are the result of his or her values and previous experiences; and are very centered on ethics of indication (founded mainly on the principles of Beneficence and Non-Maleficence). It is necessary to improve the ethical training received by physiotherapists, which is poorly focused on professional attitudes.
在卫生专业领域，伦理学被视为一项基本能力。物理治疗领域临床自主性的增加与他们临床实践中伦理情境的增多相关。
探讨物理治疗师与患者之间临床关系的伦理、物理治疗师接受的伦理培训，以及在临床环境中，物理治疗师是否识别出必要的态度并将该专业的伦理建议应用于他们所经历的伦理情境。
对物理治疗师进行了一项定性探索性和描述性研究。通过半结构化访谈收集数据。按照克里彭多夫提出的方法，使用内容分析法对数据进行分析。该研究方案已获得瓦伦西亚大学人类研究伦理委员会的批准。
本研究纳入了15名物理治疗师（66.66%为女性，平均年龄 = 42.2岁），这足以达到数据饱和。我们识别出四个类别：（i）临床关系的伦理（伦理价值观、原则和规范；临床关系类型），（ii）接受的伦理培训（在物理治疗学习期间；学生的当前培训；课程中伦理的重要性较低），（iii）专业伦理实践的必要态度（识别出的主要态度：个人态度和专业态度）；（iv）专业实践经验（一般情况；公共部门与私营部门）。
物理治疗师与患者之间临床关系的伦理取决于从业者的态度，这些态度是其价值观和以往经历的结果；并且非常侧重于适应症伦理（主要基于行善和不伤害原则）。有必要改善物理治疗师接受的伦理培训，目前这种培训对专业态度的关注不足。
