Neuropsychopharmacology and Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1000 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, Postal Code 60430-275, Brazil.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 2;23(1):558. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05050-x.
We explored the relationship between symptoms, cognitive performance, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (three markers of inflammation), and antipsychotic dose (in chlorpromazine units) in male and female patients with schizophrenia.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in patients with schizophrenia of the complete blood count and the results of neuropsychological testing, using the Welch t-test to compare groups and the Pearson test for correlations.
We found that the NLR and the PLR are higher among women with schizophrenia when compared with men. In women, the NLR and the PLR correlate positively with antipsychotic drug dose and inversely with a working memory test (Direct Digit Span). Higher doses of antipsychotics are associated with worse working and semantic memory and mental flexibility in the women in our sample.
Higher doses of antipsychotics were associated with worse working and semantic memory and mental flexibility in women with schizophrenia. No such correlations were present in men, suggesting that, in female patients, cognitive performance deteriorates as the antipsychotic dose is increased, a finding that could be mediated by inflammatory mechanisms, given the demonstrated relationship to biomarkers of inflammation - e.g., the NLR and the PLR.
NCT03788759 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
我们探讨了男性和女性精神分裂症患者的症状、认知表现、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比值（MLR）和血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）（三种炎症标志物）与抗精神病药物剂量（以氯丙嗪单位表示）之间的关系。
我们对精神分裂症患者进行了横断面分析，包括全血细胞计数和神经心理学测试结果，使用 Welch t 检验比较组间差异，使用 Pearson 检验进行相关性分析。
我们发现，与男性相比，女性精神分裂症患者的 NLR 和 PLR 更高。在女性中，NLR 和 PLR 与抗精神病药物剂量呈正相关，与工作记忆测试（直接数字跨度）呈负相关。我们样本中的女性中，较高剂量的抗精神病药物与较差的工作记忆、语义记忆和心理灵活性相关。
较高剂量的抗精神病药物与女性精神分裂症患者的工作记忆、语义记忆和心理灵活性下降相关。在男性中则不存在这种相关性，这表明在女性患者中，随着抗精神病药物剂量的增加，认知表现会恶化，这一发现可能是由炎症机制介导的，因为 NLR 和 PLR 等炎症生物标志物与认知表现呈显著相关。
NCT03788759（ClinicalTrials.gov）。
