Kraemer H P, Sedlacek H H
Behring Inst Mitt. 1986 Jun(80):103-12.
Recently, a new screening system which is mostly based on the use of human tumor material has been developed. This system uses various in vitro or in vivo test systems, such as the human tumor clonogenic assay, the subrenal capsule assay and the human tumor xenograft model to evaluate the potential clinical effectiveness of new drugs on human tumors. The predictive value of those test systems indicated by a reasonable correlation between test results and clinical activity has been shown in retrospective and even prospective clinical trials. To overcome the tumor heterogeneity and to circumvent the questionable preselection of drugs using fast proliferating tumors, this human tumor based test system uses a broad panel of slow proliferating human tumors which are established in nude mice to allow repeated tests. Recently some drugs being preferentially active in this human tumor based test system which are at the same time only marginally active in the usual NCI animal tumor screening system have been developed.
最近，一种主要基于使用人类肿瘤材料的新筛选系统已被开发出来。该系统使用各种体外或体内测试系统，如人类肿瘤克隆形成试验、肾包膜下试验和人类肿瘤异种移植模型，来评估新药对人类肿瘤的潜在临床疗效。回顾性甚至前瞻性临床试验已经表明，这些测试系统的预测价值通过测试结果与临床活性之间的合理相关性得以体现。为了克服肿瘤异质性，并规避使用快速增殖肿瘤对药物进行可疑的预选，这种基于人类肿瘤的测试系统使用了一组广泛的在裸鼠中建立的缓慢增殖人类肿瘤，以允许进行重复测试。最近，已经开发出了一些在这种基于人类肿瘤的测试系统中具有优先活性的药物，而这些药物在通常的美国国立癌症研究所（NCI）动物肿瘤筛选系统中活性却很微弱。
