Sun Bo, Darma Panji Nursetia, Sejati Prima Asmara, Shirai Tomoyuki, Narita Kosei, Takei Masahiro
School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Front Physiol. 2023 Jul 18;14:1185958. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1185958. eCollection 2023.
The physiological-induced conductive response has been visualised for evaluation in specific muscle compartments under hybrid (EMS) of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) and voluntary resistance training (VRT) by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). In the experiments, tendency of conductivity distribution images over time was clearly detected for three specific muscle compartments, which are called compartment composed of biceps brachii muscle, compartment composed of triceps brachii muscle, and compartment composed of brachialis muscle, under three training modalities. From the experimental results, the tendency of physiological-induced conductive response are increased in all three training modalities with increasing training time. Correspondingly, the spatial-mean conductivity <> increased with the conductance value and extracellular water ratio of right arm by bio-impedance analysis (BIA) method. In addition, EMS has the greatest effect on physiological-induced conductive response in , , and . Under EMS, the spatial-mean conductivity increased from < > = 0.154 to < > = 0.810 in muscle compartment ( = 8, < 0.001); < > = 0.040 to < > = 0.254 in muscle compartment ( = 8, < 0.05); < > = 0.078 to < > = 0.497 in muscle compartment ( = 8, < 0.05). The paired-samples -test results of <> under all three training modalities suggest EMS has the most efficient elicitation on physiological induced conductive response compared to VRT and EMS. The effect of EMS on deep muscle compartment ( ) is slower compared to VRT and EMS, with a significant difference after 15 min of training.
通过电阻抗断层成像（EIT），已经观察到生理诱导的传导反应，以便在肌肉电刺激（EMS）和自主抗阻训练（VRT）的混合（EMS）条件下，对特定肌肉区域进行评估。在实验中，在三种训练模式下，清晰检测到了三个特定肌肉区域（分别为由肱二头肌组成的区域、由肱三头肌组成的区域和由肱肌组成的区域）电导率分布图像随时间的变化趋势。从实验结果来看，在所有三种训练模式下，随着训练时间的增加，生理诱导传导反应的趋势均增强。相应地，通过生物电阻抗分析（BIA）方法，右臂的空间平均电导率<>随电导值和细胞外水比率的增加而增加。此外，EMS对、和中的生理诱导传导反应影响最大。在EMS条件下，肌肉区域的空间平均电导率从<> = 0.154增加到<> = 0.810（ = 8，< 0.001）；肌肉区域从<> = 0.040增加到<> = 0.254（ = 8，< 0.05）；肌肉区域从<> = 0.078增加到<> = 0.497（ = 8，< 0.05）。所有三种训练模式下<>的配对样本检验结果表明，与VRT和EMS相比，EMS对生理诱导传导反应的激发最为有效。与VRT和EMS相比，EMS对深层肌肉区域（）的影响较慢，训练15分钟后有显著差异。
