State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China.
RNA Biol. 2023 Jan;20(1):548-562. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2240992.
The genomic arrangement of most picornavirus of the family shares a similar monocistronic genomic pattern and a defining organizational feature. A defining feature of picornavirus is the presence of evolutionarily conserved and highly-structured RNA elements in untranslated regions (UTRs) at the genome' 5'and 3' ends, essential for viral replication and translation. Given the diversity and complexity of RNA structure and the limitations of molecular biology techniques, the functional characterization and biological significance of UTRs remain to be fully elucidated, especially for 5' UTR. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the 5' UTR of picornavirus. This review focuses on the structural characterization and the biological function of the RNA secondary and tertiary structures in the 5' UTR of picornavirus. Understanding the role of the 5' UTR of picornavirus can provide a deep insight into the viral replication cycle and pathogenic mechanisms.
家族的大多数小核糖核酸病毒的基因组排列都具有相似的单顺反子基因组模式和明确的组织特征。小核糖核酸病毒的一个特征是，在基因组的 5'和 3'末端的非翻译区（UTR）中存在进化上保守且高度结构化的 RNA 元件，这些元件对于病毒复制和翻译至关重要。鉴于 RNA 结构的多样性和复杂性以及分子生物学技术的局限性，UTR 的功能特征和生物学意义仍有待充分阐明，特别是对于 5'UTR 而言。在这里，我们总结了小核糖核酸病毒 5'UTR 的现有知识。本综述重点介绍了小核糖核酸病毒 5'UTR 中 RNA 二级和三级结构的结构特征和生物学功能。了解小核糖核酸病毒 5'UTR 的作用可以深入了解病毒复制周期和发病机制。
