State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China.
Virulence. 2024 Dec;15(1):2333562. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2333562. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
The are a large group of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses, and most research has focused on the Enterovirus genus, given they present a severe health risk to humans. Other picornaviruses, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and senecavirus A (SVA), affect agricultural production with high animal mortality to cause huge economic losses. The 3D protein of picornaviruses is widely known to be used for genome replication; however, a growing number of studies have demonstrated its non-polymerase roles, including modulation of host cell biological processes, viral replication complex assembly and localization, autophagy, and innate immune responses. Currently, there is no effective vaccine to control picornavirus diseases widely, and clinical therapeutic strategies have limited efficiency in combating infections. Many efforts have been made to develop different types of drugs to prohibit virus survival; the most important target for drug development is the virus polymerase, a necessary element for virus replication. For picornaviruses, there are also active efforts in targeted 3D drug development. This paper reviews the interaction of 3D proteins with the host and the progress of drug development targeting 3D.
正黏病毒科是一大组正链、单链 RNA 病毒，大多数研究都集中在肠道病毒属，因为它们对人类健康构成严重威胁。其他小 RNA 病毒，如口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）和塞尼卡病毒 A（SVA），会导致高动物死亡率，影响农业生产，造成巨大的经济损失。小 RNA 病毒的 3D 蛋白被广泛认为用于基因组复制；然而，越来越多的研究表明其具有非聚合酶作用，包括调节宿主细胞的生物学过程、病毒复制复合物的组装和定位、自噬和先天免疫反应。目前，广泛应用的控制小 RNA 病毒病的有效疫苗尚未开发，临床治疗策略在对抗感染方面的效率有限。为了抑制病毒的生存，人们已经做出了许多努力来开发不同类型的药物；药物开发最重要的目标是病毒聚合酶，它是病毒复制所必需的元素。对于小 RNA 病毒，针对 3D 结构的靶向药物开发也在积极进行中。本文综述了 3D 蛋白与宿主的相互作用以及针对 3D 结构的药物开发进展。
