Stammler Britta, Rosenzopf Hannah, Röhrig Lisa, Smaczny Stefan, Matuz Tamara, Schenk Thomas, Karnath Hans-Otto
Zentrum für Neurologie, Sektion für Neuropsychologie, Hertie-Institut für klinische Hirnforschung, Universität Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland.
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Psychologie - Neuropsychologie, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802, München, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2023 Aug;94(8):744-756. doi: 10.1007/s00115-023-01525-0. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
Neglect occurring after stroke, neoplasms or degenerative processes can lead to considerable disability in everyday life as can other disorders of spatial orientation. Therefore, a dedicated examination and early diagnostic classification are obligatory. Behavioral tests are helpful in this respect, enabling the clinician to obtain an initial overview of the existing deficits even at the patient's bedside. The clinical (bedside) examination of spatial neglect as well as the corresponding differential diagnostic procedure for the clarification of (possibly additionally or exclusively existing) hemianopia and extinction, as well as the examination of disorders of visuospatial perception, visuoconstructive disorders, topographic disorders, Bálint's syndrome, simultanagnosia, and optic ataxia are presented. The presentation is based on the newly revised (year 2023) guidelines of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) on this subject area.
中风、肿瘤或退行性病变后出现的忽视，与其他空间定向障碍一样，会导致日常生活中相当严重的残疾。因此，进行专门检查和早期诊断分类是必不可少的。行为测试在这方面很有帮助，即使在患者床边，临床医生也能借此初步了解现有缺陷。本文介绍了空间忽视的临床（床边）检查以及用于明确（可能同时存在或仅存在）偏盲和消退的相应鉴别诊断程序，以及视觉空间感知障碍、视觉构建障碍、地形定向障碍、巴林特综合征、同时失认症和视觉性共济失调的检查。本文内容基于德国科学医学协会联合会（AWMF）2023年新修订的该主题领域指南。
