Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy -
IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2023 Dec;63(12):1254-1261. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.23.15056-0. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
Poor information is available regarding real field data on the different factors that could have an influence on curve sprint and its association with anthropometric and strength parameters.
We designed a crossover pilot-study that enrolled 14 track and field athletes of 200 and 400 m (8/14 men, age: 20.5±2.3 years, height: 1.73±0.06 m; body mass: 60.5±6.2 kg) that performed randomly in two different days assessment of anthropometric parameters, jump test by squat jump (SJ) and triple hop distance (THD), performance during a 20-m curve sprint (day 1), and assessment of 1RM for right and left limb on Bulgarian split squat (BSS) (day 2). The unpaired t test and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis.
No statistical differences for anthropometric and strength parametric parameters between right and left lower limbs were observed. Twenty-meter curve sprints were negatively associated with body mass (P=0.0059, R=-0.7) and Body Mass Index (BMI; P=0.032, R=0.6). Moreover, a negative association was observed with SJ height (P=0.0025, R=-0.7), speed (P=0.0028; R=-0.7), strength (P=0.009, R=-0.7) and power (P=0.009, R=-0.7). Finally, 20-m curve sprint negatively correlated with right (P=0.0021, R=-0.7) and left (P<0.0001, R=-0.9) THD and 1 RM right (P=0.025, R=-0.6;) and left (P=0.0049, R=-0.7) BSS, respectively.
This pilot study demonstrated that 20-m curve sprint was negatively associated with body mass, BMI, vertical jump performance, THD and 1RM BSS. This information could be useful to coaches and sport scientists as a reference value to improve athlete performance for 200- and 400-m athletes.
关于可能影响弯道冲刺的不同因素的真实现场数据信息很少。
我们设计了一项交叉先导研究，纳入了 14 名 200 米和 400 米的田径运动员（8/14 名男性，年龄：20.5±2.3 岁，身高：1.73±0.06 m；体重：60.5±6.2 kg），他们在两天内随机进行了人体测量参数、深蹲跳（SJ）和三级跳距离（THD）的跳跃测试、20 米弯道冲刺的表现（第 1 天），以及右侧和左侧保加利亚分裂深蹲（BSS）的 1RM 评估（第 2 天）。采用独立样本 t 检验和 Pearson 相关进行数据分析。
右侧和左侧下肢的人体测量和力量参数无统计学差异。20 米弯道冲刺与体重（P=0.0059，R=-0.7）和体重指数（BMI；P=0.032，R=0.6）呈负相关。此外，还观察到与 SJ 高度（P=0.0025，R=-0.7）、速度（P=0.0028；R=-0.7）、力量（P=0.009，R=-0.7）和功率（P=0.009，R=-0.7）呈负相关。最后，20 米弯道冲刺与右侧（P=0.0021，R=-0.7）和左侧（P<0.0001，R=-0.9）THD 和右侧（P=0.025，R=-0.6）和左侧（P=0.0049，R=-0.7）BSS 的 1 RM 呈负相关。
这项初步研究表明，20 米弯道冲刺与体重、BMI、垂直跳跃表现、THD 和 1RM BSS 呈负相关。这些信息可以为教练和运动科学家提供参考值，以提高 200 米和 400 米运动员的成绩。
