Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE,Brazil.
Lifestyles and Health Research Group, University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE,Brazil.
J Phys Act Health. 2023 Aug 3;20(11):1018-1026. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0534. Print 2023 Nov 1.
Academic achievement (AA) is an important issue not only during the school period since it is a strong predictor of long-term professional and social success. Physical fitness (PF) components are associated with AA, and previous studies were conducted with relatively small samples, lack of statistical power, and the conclusions are based on simple correlational analyses. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between PF (single and clustered) with AA in a large and representative sample of high school students.
Cross-sectional design study conducted with 911 students, aged 13-15 years (38.52% boys) enrolled in the first year of high school. Cardiorespiratory fitness (20-m shuttle run test), muscular strength (dynamometer), and body composition (skinfolds) were measured. PF components were clustered (Z-cardiorespiratory fitness + Z-muscular strength - Z-body fatness). AA was analyzed through standard math tests. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was applied to verify the independent contribution of each single component and PF's cluster on AA. Age, screen time, maternal education, race, and type of residence were used as covariates.
Among boys, cardiorespiratory fitness was negatively associated with AA (β = -0.137; P = .041), while strength was positively associated with AA (β = 0.188; P = .004). There was no association between clustered PF indicators and AA (β = 0.064; P = .297). There was a negative association between age and AA in girls (β = -0.151; P = .003) and in boys (β = -0.128; P = .045).
These results support current literature, indicating an association between PF's component, namely muscular strength and AA (mathematics) in adolescents, even when controlled for several covariates.
学业成绩（AA）不仅是学校期间的一个重要问题，因为它是长期专业和社会成功的强有力预测因素。身体素质（PF）成分与 AA 相关，以前的研究样本较小，统计效力不足，结论基于简单的相关分析。本研究的目的是在大量具有代表性的高中生样本中分析 PF（单一和聚类）与 AA 的相关性。
横断面设计研究，共纳入 911 名 13-15 岁（38.52%为男生）的高中生。测量心肺功能（20 米穿梭跑测试）、肌肉力量（测力计）和身体成分（皮褶厚度）。PF 成分聚类（Z-心肺功能+Z-肌肉力量-Z-体脂）。通过标准数学测试分析 AA。应用分层线性回归分析验证每个单一成分和 PF 聚类对 AA 的独立贡献。年龄、屏幕时间、母亲教育、种族和居住类型用作协变量。
在男生中，心肺功能与 AA 呈负相关（β=-0.137；P=.041），而力量与 AA 呈正相关（β=0.188；P=.004）。聚类 PF 指标与 AA 之间没有关联（β=0.064；P=.297）。在女生（β=-0.151；P=.003）和男生（β=-0.128；P=.045）中，年龄与 AA 呈负相关。
这些结果支持当前的文献，表明青少年 PF 成分，即肌肉力量与 AA（数学）之间存在关联，即使在控制了几个协变量后也是如此。
