Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2023 Jul-Dec;20(9):729-739. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2023.2244418. Epub 2023 Aug 14.
A key determinant of prosthesis use is the quality of fit of the prosthetic socket. The socket surrounds the residual limb and applies the appropriate force distribution to the soft tissues to maintain suspension, support, and stabilization as well as translate limb movement to prosthesis movement. The challenge in socket fabrication lays in achieving geometry that provides the appropriate force distribution at physiologically appropriate locations; a task dependent on the understanding of interface tissue-mechanics.
In the last 20 years substantial advancements in sensor innovation and computational power have allowed researchers to quantify the socket-residual limb interface; this paper reviews prominent measurement and sensing techniques described in literature over this time frame. Advantages and short comings of each technique are discussed with a focus on translation to clinical environments.
Prosthetic sockets directly influence comfort, device use, user satisfaction, and tissue health. Advancements in instrumentation technology have unlocked the possibility of sophisticated measurement systems providing quantitative data that may work in tandem with a clinician's heuristic expertise during socket fabrication. If validated, many of the emerging sensing technologies could be implemented into a clinical setting to better characterize how patients interact with their device and help inform prosthesis fabrication and assessment techniques.
假肢使用的一个关键决定因素是假肢接受腔的适配质量。接受腔环绕残肢，并将适当的力分布施加到软组织上，以维持悬吊、支撑和稳定，以及将肢体运动转化为假肢运动。接受腔制造的挑战在于实现提供在生理上适当位置的适当力分布的几何形状；这一任务依赖于对界面组织力学的理解。
在过去的 20 年中，传感器创新和计算能力的大幅提升使研究人员能够量化接受腔-残肢界面；本文综述了在此期间文献中描述的突出测量和传感技术。讨论了每种技术的优缺点，并重点讨论了将其转化为临床环境的情况。
假肢接受腔直接影响舒适度、设备使用、用户满意度和组织健康。仪器技术的进步为复杂的测量系统提供了可能性，这些系统可以提供定量数据，这些数据可以与临床医生在接受腔制造过程中的启发式专业知识一起使用。如果得到验证，许多新兴的传感技术可以应用于临床环境，以更好地了解患者与设备的相互作用，并有助于告知假肢制造和评估技术。
