Study of the gut microbiome in Egyptian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

INTRODUCTION

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease. The gut microbiota has been proposed as a key actor in the pathogenesis of T1DM.

AIM

To identify the gut microbiome that are likely to be related to T1DM. This may have an impact on the future understanding of the pathogenesis of T1DM and possible approaches to prevent and treat it.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study included 40 T1DM patients and a cross-matching control group of 20 healthy subjects of matched age and sex; stool specimens were taken from each group. Quantitative SYBR Green Real-Time PCR technique targeting 16S rRNA was done for the identification and quantitation of , and .

RESULTS

T1DM patients showed significantly higher ( < 0.001) and ( = 0.003), but lower ( = 0.013) than the control group. However, there was no statistical difference between T1DM and control cases as regards ( = 0.204), ( = 0.598), ( = 0.901), and ( = 0.332).

CONCLUSIONS

Egyptian patients showed dysbiosis of the gut microbiome that can be related to the pathogenesis of T1DM. This hopefully points to the potential therapeutic benefits of manipulating the composition of the gut microbiome in the management of, or even protection from, T1DM.