Duarte Martins Alexandre, Paulo Brito João, Batalha Nuno, Oliveira Rafael, Parraca Jose A, Fernandes Orlando
Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo Dos Colegiais, 7000-727, Évora, Portugal.
Life Quality Research Centre, 2040-413, Rio Maior, Portugal.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 23;9(7):e17593. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17593. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The aim of the present cross-sectional exploratory pilot study was to analyze the ability of the Phase Angle (PhA) to predict physical function, muscle strength and bone indicators, upon adjusting for potential confounders [age, sex, lean mass, and body mass index (BMI)]. This study included 56 physically independent older adults (age, 68.29 ± 3.01 years; BMI, 28.09 ± 4.37 kg/m). A multi-frequency segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure PhA at 50 KHz. Additionally, physical function was assessed through four functional capacity tests [30-sec chair-stand; seated medicine ball throw (SMBT); timed up & go; and 6-min walking test (6 MWT)], muscle strength through the handgrip test (dominant side) and maximal isokinetic strength of the dominant knee flexor and extensor. Moreover, bone indicators and body composition were assessed through the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. PhA was significantly associated with SMBT (r = 0.375, effect size (ES) = moderate); 6 MWT (r = 0.396, ES = moderate); 30-sec chair-stand (rho = 0.314, ES = moderate); knee extension (rho = 0.566, ES = large) and flexion (r = 0.459, ES = moderate); handgrip (rho = 0.432, ES = moderate); whole-body bone mineral content (BMC) (r = 0.316, ES = moderate); femoral neck BMC (r = 0.469, ES = moderate); and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (rho = 0.433, ES = moderate). Additionally, the results of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that PhA is significantly associated with SMBT ( < 0.001; R = 0.629), 6 MWT ( = 0.004; R = 0.214), knee extension ( < 0.001; R = 0.697), knee flexion ( < 0.001; R = 0.355), handgrip test ( < 0.001; R = 0.774), whole-body BMC ( < 0.001; R = 0.524), femoral neck BMC ( = 0.001; R = 0.249), and femoral neck BMD ( = 0.020; R = 0.153). The results of the preliminary analysis suggested that PhA is linked to muscle strength and some factors related to physical function and bone quality in community-dwelling older adults.
本横断面探索性初步研究的目的是分析在调整潜在混杂因素（年龄、性别、瘦体重和体重指数[BMI]）后，相角（PhA）预测身体功能、肌肉力量和骨指标的能力。本研究纳入了56名身体独立的老年人（年龄，68.29±3.01岁；BMI，28.09±4.37kg/m²）。采用多频节段生物电阻抗分析在50KHz频率下测量PhA。此外，通过四项功能能力测试[30秒椅子站立测试；坐姿药球投掷（SMBT）；定时起立行走测试；以及6分钟步行测试（6MWT）]评估身体功能，通过握力测试（优势侧）以及优势侧膝关节屈肌和伸肌的最大等速力量评估肌肉力量。此外，通过双能X线吸收法评估骨指标和身体成分。PhA与SMBT（r = 0.375，效应量[ES]=中等）、6MWT（r = 0.396，ES = 中等）、30秒椅子站立测试（rho = 0.314，ES = 中等）、膝关节伸展（rho = 0.56；ES = 大）和屈曲（r = 0.459，ES = 中等）、握力（rho = 0.432，ES = 中等）、全身骨矿物质含量（BMC）（r = 0.316，ES = 中等）、股骨颈BMC（r = 0.469，ES = 中等）以及股骨颈骨密度（BMD）（rho = 0.433，ES = 中等）显著相关。此外，多元回归分析结果表明，PhA与SMBT（P<0.001；R = 0.629）、6MWT（P = 0.004；R = 0.214）、膝关节伸展（P<0.001；R = 0.697）、膝关节屈曲（P<0.001；R = 0.355）、握力测试（P<0.001；R = 0.774）、全身BMC（P<0.001；R = 0.524）、股骨颈BMC（P = 0.001；R = 0.249）以及股骨颈BMD（P = 0.020；R = 0.153）显著相关。初步分析结果表明，PhA与社区居住老年人的肌肉力量以及一些与身体功能和骨质相关的因素有关。
