Zamboni Francesco, Ferrari Pietro, Cazzoletti Lucia, Setti Angela, Bertoldo Francesco, Dalle Carbonare Luca G, Danese Elisa, Tardivo Stefano, Crisafulli Ernesto, Ferrari Marcello
University of Verona.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2024 Jun;95(2):423-430. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2242417. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
: The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine (LS) and the femoral neck (F) in male road cyclists (RC = 39), mountain cyclists (MC = 30) and controls (C = 27) and to determine the factors associated with BMD in the same group of participants. : BMD, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured using DXA. Calcium intake (Cal), exercise energy expenditure (EEE) and energy availability (EA) were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Samples for circulating hormones were also obtained. VO was estimated by a cycloergometric test. : After adjustment for body mass, in cyclists LS (RC 0.98 ± 0.12; MC 0.98 ± 0.10 g/cm) was significantly lower than in C (1.11 ± 0.10; < .001), while F resulted in no significant difference in cyclists compared to C ( = 0.213). EA (kcal/FFM/day) was different in cyclists and in C ( < .05). In C, EEE and EA were positively associated with LS ( = 0.561, = 0.656, respectively, < .01), whereas only EA was associated with F ( = 0.554, < .05); a positive association between EA and F was found in MC ( = 0.464, < .05). A negative relationship between VO and LS in RC ( = -0.418, < .05) and a positive one between EEE and LS in MC were found ( = 0.605, < .001). CaI, free testosterone and cortisol were unrelated to BMD. : Both the RC and MC had lower LS than C, whereas no difference was found between the two groups of cyclists. The factors associated with BMD are manifold, vary in relation to the measurement site and are likely different in RC, MC and C.
本研究的目的是比较男性公路自行车运动员（RC = 39）、山地自行车运动员（MC = 30）和对照组（C = 27）腰椎（LS）和股骨颈（F）的骨密度（BMD），并确定同一组参与者中与BMD相关的因素。使用双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量BMD、脂肪量（FM）和去脂体重（FFM）。通过自我报告问卷评估钙摄入量（Cal）、运动能量消耗（EEE）和能量可利用性（EA）。还采集了循环激素样本。通过运动心肺功能测试估计最大摄氧量（VO）。在调整体重后，自行车运动员的LS（RC 0.98±0.12；MC 0.98±0.10 g/cm）显著低于对照组（C 1.11±0.10；<0.001），而自行车运动员与对照组相比，F处无显著差异（P = 0.213）。自行车运动员和对照组的EA（千卡/去脂体重/天）不同（P<0.05）。在对照组中，EEE和EA与LS呈正相关（分别为P = 0.561、P = 0.656，P<0.01），而只有EA与F相关（P = 0.554，P<0.05）；在山地自行车运动员中发现EA与F呈正相关（P = 0.464，P<0.05）。在公路自行车运动员中发现VO与LS呈负相关（P = -0.418，P<0.05），在山地自行车运动员中发现EEE与LS呈正相关（P = 0.605，P<0.001）。钙摄入量、游离睾酮和皮质醇与BMD无关。公路自行车运动员和山地自行车运动员的LS均低于对照组，而两组自行车运动员之间未发现差异。与BMD相关的因素是多方面的，因测量部位而异，在公路自行车运动员、山地自行车运动员和对照组中可能有所不同。
