SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Avenida Abelardo Bueno, 1500, Jacarepaguá, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22775-040, Brazil.
Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.
Neurol Sci. 2024 Jan;45(1):129-137. doi: 10.1007/s10072-023-06937-z. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a large sample of patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) who were followed up at a cognitive neurology outpatient clinic.
Retrospective, longitudinal, and descriptive design. We collected data from patients with dementia due to AD who visited the outpatient clinic of the SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between May 2009 and June 2019. The evaluated characteristics included age of onset, sex, education, family history, comorbidities, time until diagnosis, and survival rates.
Overall, 1434 patients were evaluated, 74% of whom were women, with a mean age at symptom onset of 72.7 years and 75.8 at diagnosis. A positive family history was reported in 602 patients, with a first-degree relative in 86.3% of them. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity, affecting 61.2% of the sample, and 16.2% were classified as having early-onset AD. The mean survival rate for the sample population was 112.8 months (9.4 years). The sample population was positively affected by dyslipidaemia.
This study presents a clinical and epidemiological analysis of a large and diverse group of patients with AD. The study confirms previous observations such as a higher prevalence of AD in women, low education among sufferers, and the presence of a family history. The study also found that comorbidities significantly affected patient survival and provides new data on the survival rates of patients with early and late AD in the Brazilian population.
调查在认知神经科门诊接受随访的大量阿尔茨海默病（AD）痴呆患者的临床和流行病学特征。
回顾性、纵向和描述性设计。我们收集了 2009 年 5 月至 2019 年 6 月期间在巴西里约热内卢 SARAH 康复医院网络认知门诊就诊的 AD 痴呆患者的数据。评估的特征包括发病年龄、性别、教育程度、家族史、合并症、诊断前时间和生存率。
共评估了 1434 名患者，其中 74%为女性，症状发作的平均年龄为 72.7 岁，诊断时的平均年龄为 75.8 岁。在 602 名患者中有阳性家族史，其中 86.3%的患者有一级亲属。高血压是最常见的合并症，影响了 61.2%的患者，16.2%的患者被归类为早发性 AD。该样本的平均生存率为 112.8 个月（9.4 年）。该样本受到血脂异常的积极影响。
本研究对一大群不同类型的 AD 患者进行了临床和流行病学分析。研究证实了先前的观察结果，如女性 AD 患病率较高、患者受教育程度较低以及存在家族史。该研究还发现，合并症显著影响患者的生存，并提供了巴西人群中早发性和晚发性 AD 患者生存率的新数据。
