Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Oct;50(10):7995-8003. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08631-x. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
Apricot fruit has great economic value. In the process of apricot breeding using traditional breeding methods, we obtained a larger seedling (named Us) from the original variety (named U). And Us fruit is larger than U, taste better. Therefore, revealing its mechanism is very important for Apricot breeding.
In this study, de novo assembly and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to screen the differently expressed genes (DEGs) between U and Us at three development stages, including young fruits stage, mid-ripening stage and mature fruit stage.
The results showed that there were 6,753 DEGs at different sampling time. "Cellulose synthase (UDP-forming) activity" and "cellulose synthase activity" were the key GO terms enriched in GO, of which CESA and CSL family played a key role. "Photosynthesis-antenna proteins" and "Plant hormone signal transduction" were the candidate pathways and lhca, lhcb, Aux/IAA and SAUR were the main regulators.
The auxin signaling pathway was active in Us, of which Aux/IAAs and SAUR were the key fruit size regulators. The low level of lhca and lhcb in Us could reveal the low demand for exogenous carbon, but they increased at mature stage, which might be due to the role of aux, who was keeping the fruit growing. Aux and photosynthesis maight be the main causes of appearance formation of Us fruits. Interestingly, the higher expression of CESA and CSL proved that Us entered the hardening process earlier than U. The advanced developmental progress might also be due to the role of Aux.
杏果实具有巨大的经济价值。在传统的杏育种过程中，我们从原始品种（命名为 U）中获得了一个更大的实生苗（命名为 Us）。并且 Us 果实比 U 果实更大，口感更好。因此，揭示其机制对于杏的育种非常重要。
在这项研究中，我们使用从头组装和转录组测序（RNA-Seq）技术筛选了 U 和 Us 在三个发育阶段（幼果期、中熟期和成熟果期）之间的差异表达基因（DEGs）。
结果表明，在不同的采样时间有 6753 个 DEGs。GO 中富集的关键 GO 术语为“纤维素合酶（UDP 形成）活性”和“纤维素合酶活性”，其中 CESA 和 CSL 家族发挥了关键作用。“光合作用天线蛋白”和“植物激素信号转导”是候选途径，lhca、lhcb、Aux/IAA 和 SAUR 是主要的调节剂。
Auxin 信号通路在 Us 中是活跃的，其中 Aux/IAAs 和 SAUR 是果实大小的关键调节剂。Us 中 lhca 和 lhcb 的低水平可能表明对外源碳的需求较低，但在成熟阶段增加，这可能是由于Aux 的作用，Aux 保持果实生长。Aux 和光合作用可能是 Us 果实外观形成的主要原因。有趣的是，CESA 和 CSL 的高表达表明 Us 比 U 更早进入硬化过程。发育的提前可能也与 Aux 的作用有关。
