INSERM-U1124, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, BioMedTech Facilities INSERM US36-CNRS UMS2009, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Sci Adv. 2023 Aug 4;9(31):eadg2122. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adg2122.
Since the initial spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, several viral variants have emerged and represent a major challenge for immune control, particularly in the context of vaccination. We evaluated the quantity, quality, and persistence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA in individuals who received two or three doses of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, compared with previously infected vaccinated individuals. We show that three doses of mRNA vaccine were required to match the humoral responses of preinfected vaccinees. Given the importance of antibody-dependent cell-mediated immunity against viral infections, we also measured the capacity of IgG to recognize spike variants expressed on the cell surface and found that cross-reactivity was also strongly improved by repeated vaccination. Last, we report low levels of CXCL13, a surrogate marker of germinal center activation and formation, in vaccinees both after two and three doses compared with preinfected individuals, providing a potential explanation for the short duration and low quality of Ig induced.
自严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染最初传播以来，已经出现了几种病毒变体，这对免疫控制构成了重大挑战，特别是在接种疫苗的情况下。我们评估了接受两剂或三剂信使 RNA（mRNA）疫苗的个体中免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）和 IgA 的数量、质量和持久性，与先前感染过疫苗的个体进行了比较。我们表明，需要三剂 mRNA 疫苗才能与预先感染的疫苗接种者的体液反应相匹配。鉴于抗体依赖性细胞介导的免疫对病毒感染的重要性，我们还测量了 IgG 识别细胞表面表达的刺突变异体的能力，发现重复接种也大大增强了交叉反应性。最后，我们报告说，与预先感染的个体相比，接受两剂和三剂疫苗后的疫苗接种者的 CXCL13（生发中心激活和形成的替代标志物）水平较低，这为 Ig 诱导的持续时间短和质量低提供了一个潜在的解释。
